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Y TOWN OF SOUTH WINDSOR RECEIVED INLAND WETLANDS WATERCOURSES AND CONSERVATION APP 001 South Windsor II►Ni WETLANDSAGENCY TION COMMISSION Application # D I-a'r P Date Received 0� e '7 Zone �rZ INSTRUCTIONS 1. One application with map and plans submitted in duplicate, together with the fee set forth in the Inland Wetlands, Watercourses and Conservation Regulations, Town of South Windsor. (see Regulations, Section VII - X) 2. The South Windsor Inland Wetlands, Watercourses and Conservation Regulations should be reviewed with respect to the standards and criteria for application Evaluation. (see Regulations, Sections VII - X) 3. The applicant understands that this application is to be considered PP pp d complete only when all information and documents required by the Agency have been submitted. The applicant shall also complete the state filing form. Applicant's Name: South Windsor Golf Course,LLC c/o Topstone Golf Course Address: 516A Griffin Rd. , South Windsor, CT 06074 Phone: (home) (work) ( 860) 648-4653 (fax (860) 648-01 55 B. Legal owner's name: Mary B. Shepard Address: 695 Main St. , S. Windsor, CT 06074 Phone (home) (work) ( 8 6 0) 2 8 9-6 41 4 (fax) (List additional owners, addresses, and phone numbers on back of application) C. If the applicant is not the owner of the subject property, a letter by the owner (s) authorizing the proposed regulated activity set forth in the application must accompany this form and will be part of the application. D. Project Name (if any) Willowbrook Golf Course 1. Contact Person (if further information is needed). John J. Kel.l_ev (WORK)1 860) 648-4653 (FAX) (860) 648-01 55 E. The geographical location of the property which is to be affected by the proposed regulated activities including a description of the land in sufficient detail to allow identification of the property on the Inland Wetland and Watercourses Map. Assessor's map # 124 Parcel 77 F. Names of all abutting property owners. (use separate sheet if necessary) G. Have you notified all abutting property owners by certified letter than an application is pending before the Agency? To be done when Public Hearing scheduled. ** (You are required to supply a copy of the letter with the list of the names of the abutters).** H. Purpose and description of all proposed regulated activity (s) including amount and types of fill and the time element involved. Construct 18-hole golf course, clubhouse, parking lot, maintenance building, driving range and practice green. I. A class A-2 map of the property drawn to 1 " = 40', showing the area to be developed, extent of the wetlands and watercourses affected, topography, existing and proposed activities and names and locations of adjacent property owners must be submitted. J. Acreage of wetlands and watercourses to be altered: 1 , 5 0 0+ s f K. Acreage of wetlands and watercourses to be created: nan.e L. Lineal feet of proposed stream alteration: none M. Total land area of project and percentage which is wetlands: 85 acres 17. 6% wetlands ( 14. 7+ acres) N. Identify all other permits or approvals that have been issued, applied for, or required with respect to the proposed activity set forth in this application. (These may include but not be limited to, local Planning & Zoning, Zoning Board of Appeals, D.E.P., F.E.M.A., D.O.T., The Army Corps of Engineers, and any other State, Local or Federal Permits.) Planning & Zoning p. The applicant (or designated representative) hereby attests that a sign will be posted at the followin location (s) Brookfield St. Morgan Farms Road Qr Name, John J. Kelley by. r on or before the follo Zng date: Signature: These signs must be displayed continuously for at least ten (10) days prior to scheduled meeting (See Regulations, Section 7.3a). The undersigned hereby applies for the regulated activities listed in paragraph H above, for a Inland Wetlands, Watercourses and Conservation permit for the property described herein and confirms that; 1. She/he is familiar with the currently effective Inland Wetlands, Watercourses and Conservation regulations of the Town of South Windsor. 2. She/he understands that at any time during the review period, the Agency may require the applicant to provide more information about the wetlands and/or watercourses in question and/or any proposed activity. 3. All information submitted in the application for review shall be considered factual, or in the case of anticipated activity, binding. A knowing failure of the applicant or any of her/his agents to provide correct information, or performance exceeding the levels of activity anticipated, shall be sufficient grounds for revocation of any permit under these regulations. 4. By making this application, the applicant gives permission to the Inland Wetlands, Watercourses and Conservation Commission members and/or its representative to enter the portions of the premises which are subject of the application for the purpose of inspection and investigation and otherwise evaluating the merits of the application both before nd after a final decision has been issued. Sign uVf Ow e of-Pro e Date ,7 —lzi Signature of Applicant ' Date V�./�r�r�V i �\.►1�I 1 �.JL1-!'tea► ► ►1rai►v a v► tea♦ r ►a avar.Lar..... a r�� Statewide Inland Wetlands & Watercourses Activity Reporting Form n accordance with the requirements of Section a- -14 of the Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, this for] is to be completed for each action. Completed forms for all reportable actions during a calendar month shall be mails to the Commissioner by the local agency no later than the 15th day of the month following the month in which the actic was taken. (See instructions on back) 1. TOWN: _ South Wi nrlcnr 2. LOCATION:(original scale copy of the S1SGS QUAD Mao with the site outlined or pinpointed) USGS QUAD MAP NUMBER: 38 OR NAME: Manchester 3. APPLICANT/MOtATOR)M PROJECT NAME: _Willowbrook Gol f coil �P 4. ACTIVITY TYPE CODE: (see list of codes on back, max. of 4 codes) . . [ 12 ] If type code is 12 or 13, briefly describe the activity: Grading for construction of ao f nurse 5. ACTIVITY PURPOSE CODE: (enter only one code letter) . . . . . . . . . . { K 6. AREA OF WETLANDS AND WATERCOURSES ALTERED (or proposed to be altered, temporar, or permanent, for 4L.0 agency permits, denials and enforcement actions) ..3a1. A. Wetland Area Altered: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (..8� CRE OR SQ. FT.] ) one B. Open Water Body Area Altered: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l o ACRES(circle a FT.] (circle one) C. Stream Alteration: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [ 0 LINEAR FT.] 7. AREA OF WETLANDS OR WATERCOURSES CREATED: . . . . . . . I 3y� ACRES OR SO. FT.) (do not include wetlands converted to open water)• (circle one) 8. TOTAL AREA OF PROJECT SITE: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [ 85 ACRES] For Local Agency Use Only For State Use Only 9. REPORTING MONTH: 10. PUBLIC HEARING HELD: Y N GIS CODE # 11 . ACTION: enter letter A. permit issued B. permit denied C. permit extended/amended D. map amendment E. enforcement action F. jurisdictional ruling 12. AGENT: DATE RECEIVED DEP/rev.1/95 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 7 to provide wildlife food through the seasons. Species include producers of summer, fall, and persistent winter fruits; fall nut and spring seed producers, and excellent nectar sources. Wet meadow Cover Type Two areas with a wet meadow (PEM2) target cover type will occupy approximately 4,000 square feet. These areas will not receive woody plantings, and the wetland seed mix will be adjusted to include a higher proportion of wildflowers. Jewelweed is anticipated to seed in from the adjacent natural wetland. Mowing, at least once every two to three years, will be needed to maintain these areas in the meadow state. Meadow locations have been selected for ready access by mowing equipment. One area will be at the far north end of the wetland creation site, near the roadway, and readily viewed by passersby. The other area will be downslope of the proposed level spreader. Vehicle access to this area will be needed in any case to maintain the water quality treatment system. These two areas are also located where a dense woody buffer is less important for Wetland G, than it is adjacent to the proposed clubhouse and parking lot. Herbaceous species selected include flowering forbs, grasses, and sedges, sources of nectar, seeds, and leafy forage. Shrub thicket cover type In addition to the shrub swamp cover type targeted for the seasonally and temporarily saturated depressions, described above, each of the meadow areas will be bordered by shrub thicket zones, with a total area of approximately 1,000 square feet. The following species, although shade tolerant, flower and fruit more abundantly in well lit conditions: highbush blueberry, elderberry, silky dogwood, and sweet pepperbush. Shrubs will be planted in single species clusters of three to eight plants to minimize interspecific competition. Upland transition areas The four created wetland units, described above, will be separated and bordered by moist transitional upland areas, which will also be enhanced by woody plantings to create a denser, more effective protective buffer. These areas will not be excavated or graded. Three shrub species will be planted in these areas, including the understory of the existing weeping willow trees: shadbush, hazelnut, and gray dogwood. Upland tree plantings to supplement the wetland tree plantings will consist of red oak, shagbark hickory, white pine, and flowering dogwood. The few existing trees in the wetland creation area, mostly at the South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 8 I N FWO�11 north end, will be preserved in upland transitional areas, with no excavation within the drip line. The existing staghorn sumac sprouts will also mature and become sumac thickets. Note that this species is beneficial for wildlife, but is simply present in excessive quantities in edge zones at this site. Creation of forested upland buffer vegetation will help mitigation for loss of forested upland buffer areas. Installation procedures A total of 334 of woody plants will be installed as dormant bare rootstock4 in spring, before May 15th or in fall, after leaf drop and before the ground is frozen. Unless soil test results indicate this is unnecessary, composted cow manure and slow release fertilizer pellets will be mixed with existing soil in the oversized planting holes, large enough to accommodate the spread-out root systems. This will encourage rapid initial growth, so that woody plants can compete with meadow vegetation. In addition, a 2.5-foot diameter ring of mulch, three inches thick, will be placed around each woody plant, to prevent excessive competition from the herbaceous plants in the wetland seed mix. A two-inch high rim around the perimeter of each planting hole will help retain water. The wetland seed mix will be spread by hand according the vendor's instructions, after woody materials have been installed. A light straw mulch for moisture retention will be spread over the lightly raked in seeds. Planting stock will be stored in the shade prior to planting for no more than three days. A sprinkler irrigation system running the entire length of the mitigation area will be installed and in place prior to planting. As the wetland develops, moisture-holding organic matter will build up in the soil and root systems will expand able to tap deep soil moisture, so that irrigation will no longer be necessary. However, the sprinkler system should be in place for the first three years, especially as soils are sandy and droughty. Monitoring The progress of the created wetland areas will be monitored for three full growing seasons. During this time, any mid-course corrections required to ensure the success of the plan will be made and documented in brief annual reports to the Town. The survival rate of the wetland vegetation in the wetland mitigation areas will be monitored (using randomly selected fixed sample plots) during the middle of each growing season (i.e., around July 15). During the second through the third growing seasons, if the aerial (i.e., total surface) 4 Bare root stock is also known as lining outstock or"liners." 5 Potted containers will be used(i.e.1 to 5 gallon)for species not available as bare root stock. 8 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 9 t)# - coverage of planted and naturally seeded wetland vegetation is less than 80%, and then these areas will be supplementally planted with appropriate plant materials. 1.2 Invasive Species Management The applicant proposes to mitigate for reductions in widths in forested buffers, by enhancing the quality of forested buffers and wetlands through management of invasive species. This will increase the level of wetland function of existing wetlands and upland buffer areas. As described in the July 20`h, 2001 RES report to the commission, non-native plant species affect vegetation quality and stress native plant species at a number of locations on the site, both in uplands and in wetlands. Levels of infestation are highest at the south end of Wetland D, the lower portion of the northeastern tributary, and in portions of the wooded buffer areas of Wetland B. Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) and to a limited extent, Asiatic bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) occurs along roadsides and forest edges, especially in Wetland D, B and near the pond. Winged Euonymus (Euonymus alata) infests the northeastern sugar maple forest, and a Phragmites infestation is beginning in the southwest corner of Wetland D. The proposed management program falls into three categories: 1) native plantings and invasive species removal from newly created forest edges; 2) removal of multiflora rose from wetland margins and canopy cut areas in Wetland D and in disturbed edges of Wetlands O and G, near the pond and road crossing over the Podunk River; 3) excavation of the Phragmites infestation in the canopy cut at the northwestern corner of Wetland D, and replacement with a wet meadow cover type. 1.2.1 Management of new forest edges The invasive plant species currently found along forest edges will of course be eliminated as forest edges are pushed back adjacent to fairways. An edge enhancement-planting plan has been developed for a number of sections of new forest edge in consultation with the South 9 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission M' Vn RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 10 Windsor Environmental Planner, Jeff Folger. These measures will not only enhance wildlife value, through the food sources and cover associated with native shrubs to be planted; they will also serve a key role in preventing infestation of new forest edges by invasive species. This is accomplished by means of an ecology principle known as "preemptive competition." Along a newly created forest edge, there is much available space, with ample light, for shrubs and vines. In the absence of an edge plantings or management program, this space will be colonized by a high proportion of invasive species, reflecting the make-up of the "seed rain" deposited by birds. However, edge plantings will fill and "preempt" the available space and keep the invasive plant species out, to a considerable extent. These measures benefit not only the relatively narrow edge zone, since several invasive species such as barberry and bittersweet spread into the forest interior, entering forested wetlands as well. Along newly created edges where edge plantings are not proposed, the forest edge understory will be kept open by mowing, also preventing colonization by invasives. Invasive plants growing along the proposed new forest edges will be removed during golf course construction; however, infestation levels are low (compared to levels on existing edges) except in a few areas to be discussed in the next section. 1.2.2 Multiflora Rose Removal This shrub, native to eastern Asia, is locally abundant at the site: on the perimeter of Wetland D; at the edges of Wetlands O and G in the vicinity of the pond and road crossings; and at the edge of Wetland B along Fairway 6. In brief, although this shrub produces rose hips that are valuable for wildlife, it spreads in moist soil (upland and wetland), creating dense impenetrable thickets under well-lit conditions, preventing growth and establishment of native species. The herb layer beneath a multiflora plant is usually devoid of plant life, and even tree seedlings do not readily become established in multiflora thickets. In shaded conditions it is stunted but can still dominate the shrub layer as a low, prickly plant that does not set fruit, with negligible wildlife value. However, a stunted forest rose plant can "takeoff' in a newly created forest edge. Edge creation around Wetland D for Fairways 10 and 11, has the potential to further increase multiflora rose levels. Plants to be removed are concentrated in the southern canopy cut areas and along the existing roadways on the west side of the Wetland D, on the east side of Wetland G, and near the pond in Wetlands G and O. As discussed in the preceding section, existing multiflora rose (mostly shade-stunted bushes) will also be removed from new forest edges, in particular from the wooded buffer between Fairway 6 and Wetland B. 10 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 11 �411 ON FOW Several removal techniques will be used, depending on plant sizes and locations. Seedlings and small shrubs will be pulled out by hand. Peter Picone, of the CTDEP Wildlife Division recommends using a vehicle to pull out large bushes, after pruning away enough growth to secure a rope to the plant base, if the area can be readily accessed. Another approach outlined in the attached fact sheet is to repeatedly cut back the plants. Glyco-phosphate (Round-up) as a 0.5% v/v (volume/volume) solution with the addition of a surfactant, can be applied to the regrowth of cut material in early fall. (Too much herbicide is needed to treat a large, uncut plant). A final control option, mulching with black plastic, is well-suited to a low-growing near monoculture infestation in the southeastern canopy cut area of Wetland D. After mowing the multiflora to the ground, the applicant proposes to apply heavy gage black plastic (at least 20 mil), using three inch staples placed one foot apart, and to leave it in place for two years. After removal of the black plastic a custom wet meadow wildflower seed mix will be planted. The composition of the seed mix is shown in Table 2. Species will include Joe Pye (Eupatorium maculatum), ironweed (Vernonia noveboracensis), and boneset(Eupatorium perfoliatum). 1.2.3 Phragmites Removal To remove the newly formed, but rapidly spreading patch of phragmites on the southwest corner of Wetland D, and prevent it from spreading further into the wetland and canopy cut areas, we also propose to use the black plastic mulching control option, and to establish a wet meadow community after control is complete. 1.3 Managing Dutch elm disease Dutch elm disease is another threat to the wetlands at this site, caused by a non-native fungus that is spread by both a European and a native bark beetle. Infection by the fungus (either of two closely related fungi, Ophiostoma ulmii or O. novo-ulmii) clogs vascular tissue that prevents water movement to the crown of the tree, causing yellowing and death of branches, eventually affecting the whole tree. Managing Dutch elm disease has generally been considered an urban forestry problem; many people are unaware that elms are common in the wild in Connecticut, occurring mostly in forested wetlands. (It is physiological adaptation to the low oxygen content of saturated wetland soils that enables elms to thrive in compacted oxygen-poor urban soil.). The disease continues to take its toll in the forest setting, but disease incidence varies widely in severity. Elm populations persist 11 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 12 because young trees replace the stricken ones; elms grow and reach sexual maturity very quickly and have fast-dispersing, winged seeds (unlike American chestnut). A low level of the disease may benefit the forest, creating snags and canopy gaps. However severe infestations have a major impact on vegetation structure. Both American elm (Ulmus americana) and the similar slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) are a significant part of the tree community at this site, particularly in fertile floodplain wetlands and moist forested buffer areas associated with the Podunk River and the northeastern tributary. Currently incidence of Dutch elm disease at the site is moderate. The proposed project could reduce incidence of the disease, with implementation of a program to promptly dispose of elm wood from cleared areas, and an ongoing program of removal of diseased trees from buffers and wetland margins. The 1990 USDA bulletin "How to Identify and Manage Dutch Elm Disease, " available from the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station recommends managing the disease by prompt removal of dead wood and symptomatic trees, "to eliminate places for elm bark beetles to breed and acquire the pathogen." Connecticut has both species of bark beetles that transmit the disease: Hylurgopinus rufipes, the native species, which is prevalent in northern areas; and the smaller European bark beetle, Scolitus multistriatus found in moderate and southern climates, has more life cycles per year and spreads more rapidly. These beetles lay their eggs in tunnels (galleries) under dead elm bark, where the beetle larvae feed and pick up the pathogen. After emerging from the dead tree the beetles emerge and feed, as adults, on living elm trees, infecting them. The USDA bulletin (P. 10) states that a primary reason for localized resurgence of the disease is build-up of populations of the insect vectors. Such resurgences can occur in the vicinity of construction projects with poor sanitation practices, where elms are common. USDA also suggests use of insecticides to control beetles for urban settings, but not for wild, forested settings. Keeping the disease in check, by rigorous sanitation practices, is in the interest of the golf course,because dying and dead trees are unsightly. Elms on the site occur not only within wetlands, but also in visible locations adjacent to the proposed greens in moist,but upland soils. 6 How to Identify and Manage Dutch Elm Disease, USDA Bulletin NA-PR-07-90, 1990, by Linda Haugen, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestrey, St. Paul, Minnesota. Bulletin available from CT Agricultural Experiment Station in New Haven,Plant Pathology Extension at 974 8601. 12 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 +k Page 13 Please contact me at my office if you have any questions on the above or are in need of further assistance. Respectfully submitted, REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC d�W�3-� - George T. Logan, MS Certified Wildlife Biologist Certified Professional Wetland Scientist(No. 581) S rl! Sigrun N. Gadwa, MS Senior Ecologist VIA HAND-DELIVERY 13 Table 1: Seed Mix* for Depressions of Wetland Mitigation Area (New England Wetmix*) r rvxfain = ,�m�,,.�., Bearded sedge Carex com000 ON�iAatna gr�a&9;r ,f n ..3 �!.,..Jv �e V,.f .F.� ...wnM1.n,a..a�' Lurid sedge Carex lurida M1ARU1, Green bulrush 5cir uo atrovireno JOY- a-weed Eu atoreadel hus maculatuo Hop sedge Carex lu ulina Red-top Agrostio alba Polygonum opp. 5martweeds -I ION *this io available at New England Wetland Plants, Inc. of Amherst, MA RES,LLC—Planting Materials Tables for Proposed Wetland Mitigation— Willowbrook Golf Course (8110101) Table 2: Seed Mix* for Upland Transition of Wetland Mitigation Area (New England Conservation/Wildlife Mix*) oga;;dcerortgue Panrcui�ade5tir Big blue5tem Andro ogon gerardii L'�ttte`��u'e5tem 5clarzachyr.�m 5co;,ar<u5 5witchgra55 Panicum virgatum vtrtar yieed i',,) 404IYA,.t PU Annual Sunflower Helianthuo annuuo Prridge Pea Chanlaecrj. a. aa + s ? Showy tick-trefoil Deomodium canadenoe qgx9.e wau ,,ruea , . Nodding Bur-marigold Bideno cernua ?^ �w ee eadecl ooneflower ..,, ? CEO a �� .y,. J` Common 5neezeweed Helenium autumnale ws^f'+Rgr: 1'fi"dpC. ✓x .r. "w'S .w a rm Cs+r:"mot Yd'u'+ x rtS EM+fw` waew'F^+'"+yk"'3n"°n T��""K"" P^k Ap^M4.sgVm x.K. *The New England Conservation /Wildlife Mix io available at New England Wetland Plants, Inc. of Amherst, MA RES,LLC—Planting Materials Tables for Proposed Wetland Mitigation— Willowbrook Golf Course (8110101) Table 3: Seed Mix* for Wet Meadow and Forest Understory of Wetland Mitigation Area (Customized New England Wildflower Mix*) }�A �Ge i 59 ireclNCne tti Rough goldenrod 5olidago rugosa �C�nna�a�nclinacea ; , ,�llooc7-�eect�r�5� Blue vervain Verbena hastata stew Yorkyroriweedernoael�oraes Eu atoreum perfoliatum Boneset Ea atoreurhjmaculatu'm r Joe,, '�rree;� «�a ;4 Beard tongue Penstemon digitalis SXnoo�tb�aster 5ti ate Sedge Carex sti ata reavo�CJer�rod n :,. .r. �. %a ... New England aster Aster novae-angliae '�,`,.�.��..�J�►e�.�..:� .�<!,�.,ez,r,..r.�re . �, �..�., ,..-,. ���''i!���„S-a,n.�,., ew.'.a ...Wc,f`r3, Agrostio alba Red top grass ' rrlGiA7���Je .Leai '�w a ,i" Carex vul inoidea Fox sedge The New England Wildflower Mix is available at New England Wetland Flants, Inc. of Amherst, MA RES,LLC—Planting Materials Tables for Proposed Wetland Mitigation— Willowbrook Golf Course (8110101) Table 4: Medium to Large-Sized Evergreen Saplings for Upland Transition Area of Wetland Mitigation Area WP White Pine Pinus strobus 2.0"caliper 15,O.C. 5alle6l and 10 Likes Sun to Semi-Shade; prefers burlapped well drained sandy soils; attracts at least 12 bird species;a few Small mammals feed on seeds RES,LLC—Planting Materials Tables for Proposed Wetland Mitigation— Willowbrook Golf Course (8110101) Table 5: Medium to Large-Sized Deciduous Saplings for Wetland Mitigation Area 0 'in�aC iRerc� Ira _ �-inch lier'"ht t5 HOC 13a'reoot 2 iike5 dun tr �e�ri5fiade; "refer .F4 .." w, ,, C": :.; N 'S'��' � *, .r r. ,. d' Y. v.x. .>FN: ' � r'F . :`,� �,.•<�.:�' ;�. a . ,+z x� M x KM Red maple Acer rubrum 16-inch height 15,O.C. Bare root 20 Likes Sun to semishade; prefers moist to wet soils;attracts at least 15 birds ecie5 6 8 cC Gum a. 'vat�caB=E;c1� er;:lat, 5. 0 r ;'wp y 201[-e r �oxta RES,LLC—Planting Materials Tables for Proposed Wetland Mitigation— Willowbrook Golf Course (8110101) Table 6: Medium to Large-Sized Deciduous Shrubs for Wetland Mitigation Area P- x"i 1"rateS' BB Highbush blueberry' Vaccinium 12-inch 6'O.G. Bare 50 Likes full sun and tolerates partial Shade; corymbosum height root prefers acid, moist to wet Soils;attracts at least 37 bird species .... ...�.,r,,'.h' ,. ..� •n.: . u"�v..,"1 . ...,,,.. ..�.. ..... .�.p 1 4`:y .y.,75 `� t";., .. ....>i :.�y. 'T'.:�' :+�J]�:� •,:.. ,:���:x,3r':. :fi�. aY'^ri,'..,-: _„,,. l:1 a.. 2* i w,. �" `nt �::."':",ir u" .M.r,...,";f k;$9as�:,� x,"�,..:.. ;:, v. - EF�t: `: a'dt.Lf0�►esa x° ��`': '�, "���. Y�� '�3"� t� `�,� 5�'�� � 'ar�]�a' aw >};,c "� F r �, s� �'' � 13e�/� t. r©o;t`•; r 'a�y3� `.�I� t� •`� r�'�/��J,� ::::;ASi.,. .u4'+ti i.�";�� ✓il't..�S:.0 tu"`JS..,-P« ..,.. ...,.N.2... ...::.....a.v ..Y- ,'i..ilW, vr'J�.. Y W^T�,� .:f J.-.,.,�.,d�„ ..y�e...r, n,, s;.t t't'�r�'(�S�>.:.i�, 5D 511ky dogwood' Cornus amomum 12-inch 6'O.C. Bare 20 Likes Sun to semishade;tolerates moist height root conditions; attracts at least 12 bird species ..�: ..� w yq:.. "�!•Nyw" .� .E �' �..:Vi.��i �'k+� .'r�''t: ..,�� ,.. -� b ti:F`S - ! y,,. r..m4'ry� iSY 6'y"s .b� � a. ,� �-. C a. +x§4 ;3' :4y4'K'•'T^, 'e m {� ,"- 5'r„ 1 J 1 ,a..: -d:'k�: Y ka?m�,M .:. n. ,, n.,.9. '.a.. m' ;. .:.._.. .,.x,. ... ,�'. . .,..:, ..,:.: P'h. ,•,.e: :;;, "'", S `x •,��5�'?r�(�3'�r,. a :W.,.: �� r i, - ;,.:; ...., .. rt... .. --„ ,. '.:'.,. ,.,.: :: ,.::.. -.....,y"rSK. ,,...,, .,, ,x .ii�+7 $:' .;.,:e�. S..:p ey �I•F.•:: �. •i::;:F,t 3+a d&. �'k., F t;u�;. R '�,+xS 1.,�,: 3 �., ,.,<... x „ r �, -r �'^ y_x a r,i,.,. ,e�5�: ,5�:� .:,, .:. .' ..,, y t :... kS.T`.'. �Y-N1`it" N 'rm::,•f?e ,,:H''S G�lit. .•.w .,a.. f .,\ 4R7 "i °Y ,:.�M,. �w ''sFWG ��^ ,' y :.�. .'` ,4i4•,. ,.9 �.•. ,..:w,yy�„ �...,..,, rn .,. „nF�"ia , ,.. c u� ^3„w. ?,:..*�.:,. ��.:v, r: ,d.f'. ,,rr .f•,r, t id';�,..., aw. wt'�.��,k,�r,. .s r•.hr:,,. a J ,,"'-"vd ,tti a���� �a�i' .� , x W� re k � �k: :���.,. ,,;i t ... rot R J� .. r•^a��r"AS t. � �. , r : s ecres AH American Gorylus americana 12-inch 6'O.C. Bare 15 Likes Sun to semishade; prefers rich, moist Hazelnut2 height root Soil;attracts at least 7 bird species 6'fl. . a°rer 45 n .�fi147�; a �• �,���� �.�.;.�, V�bu�a, t p >F>:M ! '�:�. .fi}. .�� � aM � � tice .,� .,• ono" , ,� taEt t „� t k �•oct oils•att cts atiea5�37 b �s e� „ .L. :,:,F.-#?:.h;'„+,�;+;x -��k'�,ew.��'SJ' �,:"?.n...,.,,F.. ,�Ynl`'"`.'7't"b+:,.....^.'.i:,..;Ra,.A•'TxFr 3ik 'A•tibH"�,a::, S!�,�..,,i wn. �:;....,;;`�t,.,,., .k, .:s,. m.. ,a .,s-.: .�. ,s: -,r..a, �[� i..�,,,.. 515 5erviceberry or Amelanchier 12-inch a,O.C. Bare 15 Likes sun to semishadc, prefers well drained 5hadblow2 ca nod ensis height root Soils;attracts at least 36 vertebratespecies .,,fir, .+ar,,w._�....,..,. ._... � r; ,.;,.:�,a ',:�:,o.,>* - '•7:•r, �s:" .rw r^ s =,r '1.x.. ,':�,�•.,. 5 .. x,:'�i9i?y'..S eL �..,,E.. .r�?'�w. � ,x�itfia�3t:�.. 3 aR m...., ;;':.:, _.. rr C, s i:i A :i4 -u^', x,,c�rc; Y. 'L;. t ;�::.:;�" ..s"": ,r, �,; D 00 a� -,� �n"e �> mare 5 l"kes �r Derr► dd.�, , � ra x, :,.. n� ! I�ad �arlety�'F ,'�? ��.., sN; .... y r ,� .. ,. .�+ .r v- +�,«r,Y> t ° 1,,.,X•M„+t; w,ttii+ :"','.yz 1't�' �.,yar �,r:r�€.."�^' .n.:.,,•.'� F:.r:> d,�a:;:ro Y.':"-" �:.. ,Y.:_. .�!! 4�.. .:,:g.-,G ,�.... .,, n r ���� ,d•,.,'. .:•:. .,, 77 w., �l t.. r .. ::'� ., v. , .�: .r�.•t� !X, .'k �,..:;p..p+, '! - :1, ' •4",%., � ,tb� 3 Ar n. � 7 t 1 h; aY 'z: �r t ^'�k':`.r qr S•:3 �:J%''.`"S✓�� r''�ein.� ,; .:u.. :'d'2a.,:.��5°.'�.$�i.a..•�i3 xAanrl s.,..�Sxk:Ar.M�•r�� .,ez'k'S'4,�.xY,&'�•:t.:.,.ar-:a?taf„ ..s. r�ai"&�N, :r.-,:;r.�,. r..::,,, ..� ,y:^.,.,.o„n. ,5:,.... s•% •Yi,��' 4,k,,..ti 'Wetland shrubs;2 upland shrubs RES,LLC—Planting Materials Tables for Proposed Wetland Mitigation— Willowbrook Golf Course (8110101) Invasive Plant Information Sheet Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora Thunb. Rose Family (Rosaceat) r , Status: Conunon and invasive in Connecticut. Description: Multiflora rose is a shrub with nine- to twelve-foot-long arching stems (canes) Inu rising directly from the ground' These steins are generously studded with stiff thorns. Leaves are usually made up of seven or nine leaflets, each sharply toothed. The stipule, which is the �. covering at the base of each leaf, is deeply fringed. The plant produces clusters of fragrant white (or occasionally pink) flowers three-quarters of an %- inch to one-and-a-half inches across, which are replaced by red rose hips (fruit). - Preferred habitat: This plant is abundant in pastures, reverting fields, and roadsides. It has been planted as a "living fence" to control livestock, to stabilize soil, and to create barriers for highways. Multifora rose endures a wide r `' range of soil and environmental conditions, I preferring sunny areas and well-drained soils. 4 inches Inset shows fruits (hips). (Illustration by Regina O'lluglhes from Seasonal cycle: Multiflora rose is a perennial "Common weeds of the United states,"Dover Press) shrub that flowers in May or June in Connecticut; fruits (hips) develop in the late summer. The plant reproduces by seed as well as by rooting at the tips of the drooping canes. Although the leaves drop off each fall, the stems persist through winter and releaf in the spring. Distribution: Native to eastern Asia, niultiflora rose is a con-unon, naturalized pasture weed in most of the northeastern and midwestern United States. It is found throughout the United States with the exception of the Rocky Mountain area, southeastern coastal plains, and the Nevada and California desert areas. Other points of interest: Multifora rose is named for the clusters of many white or occasionally pink flowers borne on this bramble during May or June. It was introduced to the United States for wildlife cover and food, and has now become a serious invader of agricultural lands, pastures, and natural areas. Its dense growing habit prevents establislunent of native plant species. The great majority of plants develops from seeds, which remain viable in the soil for ten to twenty years. Birds and mammals consume the fruits, dispersing seeds over great distances. Rose hips are an important winter food for many birds, including mockingbirds, bluebirds, wintering robins, cedar waxwings, etc. Control: Cutting three to six times per growing season for several years can be effective in controlling this species. Herbicide application is also possible, particularly application to regrowth of cut material. The application of glyphosate (Roundup' has been successful when used as a I%'volume/volume (v/v) .rt solution or as a 0.5% v/v with the addition of a surfactant (soap). The herbicide should be applied in the fall to kill the root and stein. Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide and great care should be taken in its usage. Biological control methods are currently being explored, but are not yet available. Additional information sources: Gray's Manual of Botany. Eighth edition, corrected printing. M. Fernald. D. Van Nostrand Company, New York, 1970. A Literature Review of Management Practices for Multiflora Rose (Rosa rnultiflora). J. Evans. Natural Area Journal 3 (1), 1983. Vegetation Management Guideline: Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora Thunb.). R. Szafoni Natural Areas Journal 3 (4), 1991. Conunon Weeds of the United States. Dover Press, 1971. Diagnostic information: Leaves: Pinnately compound, between 5 and 11 leaflets per leaf, each leaflet broadly oval, less than 1-1/2" long. Flowers: White to pinkish-white (1" in diam.); 25-100 stamens found in long or pointed panicle. Fruit: Red; globular to ovoid; somewhat fleshy. Stems and branches: 9'-12' long, first 6' erect and tips arching close to ground. H. Brunelle and B. Lapin /Revised April 1, 1996 This fact sheet has been prepared by The Nature Conservancy Connecticut Chapter in cooperation with The Natural Diversity Da T ta 1 he Base of the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection. Nature It may be reproduced without permission. Conservancy. The Nature Conservancy Department of Environmental ProteeO` Connecticut Chapter Geological & Natural History St; 55 High Street Natural Diversity Data 1).._., Middletown, CT 06457 79 Elm Street, Hartford, CT 06106 Z��O•NN Sf,`� 7awn O-PSOuth O � G y ` 1540 SULLIVAN AVENUE • SOUTH WINDSOR, CONN. 06074 soR co-�� AREA CODE 860 / 644-2511 August 17, 2001 Certified #P462498169 Mr. Joe Kelly 516A Griffin Road South Windsor, CT 06074 RE: Appl. #01-28P, Willowbrook Golf Course - (Assessor's map #124, parcel #77) RR residential zone. Dear Mr. Kelly: At the August 15, 2001 regular meeting, the Inland Wetlands s Agency/Conservation Commission approved application #01-28P, Willowbrook Golf Course - Brookfield Street- Inland Wetland/Conservation Commission application for the construction of an 18-hole golf course, clubhouse, driving range, and associated improvements on 84 acres located easterly of Brookfield Street, southerly of Greenfield Street, westerly of Skyline Drive (Assessor's map #124, parcel #77) RR residential zone. This approval is subject to the following conditions: 1. One blueprint copy of the entire set of plans and this letter reproduced thereon, must be submitted to this Commission. This must be completed within 65 days of approval prior to any construction activity on the site. Plans submitted to Planning & Zoning Commission shall be considered having met this requirement. 2. The application shall indemnify and hold harmless the Town of South Windsor against any liability, which might result from the proposed operation or use. 3. The permit is valid for five years and shall expire on August 15, 2006. It is the landowner(s)/applicant(s) responsibility to track expiration dates and notify the Commission of a renewal request at least 65 days prior to expiration. Willowbrook Golf Course August 17, 2001 Page 2 4. All approvals required must be obtained and submitted prior to any activity on the site. 5. A contact person shall be identified on the plans. 6. The plant dates for the understory plantings should be from March 15 through April 23, 2001 and should be placed on the plans. 7. Environmental consultant to monitor and approve mitigation and stormwater bio-filter (mitigation) during construction. Annual reports to be submitted to the Town by the environmental consultant. 8. We recommend a bond in the amount of$20,000 be submitted to the Planning 8s Zoning Commission to ensure compliance with the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Measures. 9. We recommend a bond in the amount of$15,000 be submitted to the Planning & Zoning Commission to ensure proper construction and establishment of the mitigation and stormwater structures. The bond to be held for three growing seasons after completion Very truly yours, INLAND WETLANDS AGENCY/ CONS RVATIION COMMISSION liz h Warren, Chairperson dr cc: Chief Building Official Town Engineer y Y DRAINAGE REPORT WILLOWBROOK GOLF COURSE Reino E. Hyyppa&Associates,Inc. 124 Hebron Avenue Glastonbury,CT 06033 DRAINAGE REPORT WILLOWBROOK GOLF COURSE The subject site is a vacant parcel of land approximately 85 acres in size which is partially being used as farm land. There are a number of wetlands on the site,two drainage channels which discharge stormwater from abutting residential development and the Podunk River which traverses the site in a north-south direction. The proposed project consists of constructing a Par 60 golf course, clubhouse, parking lot and amenities. A drainage analysis was done of the site to evaluate the proposed impact using the SCS TR-55 Methodology: In the process of preparing this analysis, it became quickly apparent that the proposed project reduces the runoff from the site. Under existing conditions with the site being farmed,the average runoff coefficient(CN) is greater than the proposed. A review of the drainage Travel Time also indicates that the"Before"Condition is greater than the"After". This means that the proposed runoff for any storm event will be less after the golf course is built than it is now. A storm sewer system has been designed for the parking lot. In order to help cleanse the runoff, the water will be discharged into a "biofilter" prior to "sheet flowing" overland into a wetlands which is located approximately 200 feet west of the Podunk River. 19-Old ®2f� �.� ' L�/ -7 o V oz 1,3 kQ zgL _ �� re ��� Pn 0,Affln, OF- I-P -V CY) Z Cl r.X&A 70 s „ s o I T ,avuln 1 I Ae- c2-WA—) 1 �laCd C-] ,ru u 3 to rco v D G� ®cam 6 C 77 1 Sit cn�►� b C V 6-7 AS 7 OF g:: 1 yc,,e- 5'oJ J- s c» T yPL� cameo V f2g;21! 1-4 „ ��� ." ( �,e,,�r��Sc) �'- 8.S� ►,Cc�-cis o.s I t 619 IvCA-� A-r- 77 7Z la — 67 ( -x 161 C S L) cl N J c eo a V - spa cj r `75 9 � -� rcas --,cos L •I �` ��Uo b L= 11 t- &a - -3 F7, �v Qf- �jV 65i(L ty4t � v �l Flo w Quick TR-55 Version 5 .30 S/N : 1240S30096 > > > > > GRAPHICAL PEAK DISCHARGE. METHOD < < < < < W I L_LOWBROOK GOLF COURSE BEFORE DEVELOPMENT-WEST OF RIVER CALCULATED DISK FILE: = 1901WB GPD Drainage Area ( acres ) 20 ----> 0 .0313 sp .m.i . Runoff Curare Number ( CN ) 68 Time of Concentration jo ( hrs ) 0.2 Rainfall. Distribution ( Type ) III Rork; and Swamp Areas ( 4 ) 0 ---> 0 .0 acres Storm 41 Storm #2 Storm #3 Frequency ( years ) 10 Rai nfaI l , P , 24-hr ( in ) 4 , 7 Initial Abstraction , Ia ( in ) 0 .941 O ,941 0 .941 Ia/p Ratio 0 .200 0 .000 0 .000 Unit. Discharge , * qu ( csm/in ) 527 0 0 Runoff , 0 ( in ) 1 .67 0 .00 0 .00 Pond & Swamp Adjustment Factor 1 .00 1 ,00 1 .00 PEAK DISCHARGE , qp ( cfs ) ITS 0 0 Summary of Computations for qu ------------------------------- Ia/p 41 0 . 100 0 .000 0 .000 Co #1 2 .473 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #1. --0 .518 0 .000 0 .000 C2 41 -0 .171 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) #1 565 .082 0 .000 0 .000 Ia/p 42 0 .300 0 .000 0 .000 Co 42 2 .396 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #2 --0 .512 0 .000 0 .000 C2 h2 -0 . 132 0 .000 0 .000 qU ( CSM ) 42 489 . 167 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) 527 0 0 Interpolated for computed Ia/p ratio ( between Ia/p 41 & Ia/p 42 ) If computed Ia/p exceeds Ia/p limits , bounding limit for Ia/p is used . 2 109( qu ) = CO + ( C1 * loci( Tc ) ) + ( C2 * ( log( Tc ) ) ) qp ( cfs ) = qu( csm ) * Area( sq ,.mi . ) 0( in . ) * ( Pond & Swamp Adj . ) Quick Tr-55 Version: 5 .30 S/N 1240S30096 > > > > > GRAPHICAL PEAK DISCHARGE METHOD HOD < < < < < WILLOWBROOK GOLF COURSE AFTER DEVELOPMENT-WEST OF RIVER CALCULATED DISK FILE: 1901WA CPD Drainage Area ( acres ) 20 ----> 0 .0313 sq .mi . Runoff Curve Number ( CN ) 56 Time of Concentration ,Tc ( hrs ) 0 ,3 " Rainfall Distribution ( Type ) III Pond and Swamp ;"-areas ( o ) 0 ---> 0 .0 acres Storm 41. Storm #2 Storm #3 Frequency ( years ) 10 Rainfall , P , 24--h r ( in ) 4 .7 Initial Abstraction , la ( in ) 1 ,571 1 .571 1 .571 la/0 Ratio 0 .334 0 .000 0 .000 Unit. Discharge , * qu ( csm/in ) 395 0 0 Runoff , 0 ( in ) 0.89 0 ,00 0 .00 Pond & Swamp Adjustment Factor 1 .00 1 .00 1 .00 PEAK DISCHARGE , qp ( efs ) Fill a d Summary of Computations for qu ------------------------------ Ia/p #1 0 .300 0 .000 0 .000 Co #1 2 .396 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #1 -0 .512 0 .000 0 .000 C2 41 --0 .132 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) #1 424 .417 0 .000 0 .000 Ia/p #2 0 .350 0 .000 0 .000 CO #2 2 .355 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #2 -0 .497 0 .000 0 .000 C2 02 -0 . 120 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) #2 381 .994 0 .000 0 .000 qu WSW 395 0 0 * Interpolated for computed Ia/p ratio ( between Ia/p #1 & Ia/p #2 ) If computed Ia/p exceeds Ia/p limits , bounding limit for Ia/p is used . 2 log( qu ) = CO + ( C1. * log( Tc ) + ( C2 log( Tc ) ) ) qp ( c fs ) - qu( csm ) * Are:a( sq .mi . ) 0( i n . ) * ( Pond & Swamp Adj . ) Quick TR--S 5� Version . 5 .30 5/N . 1240530096 > > > > > GRAPHICAL.. PEAK DISCHARGE METHOD < < < < < WILLOL,JB BOOK GOLF COURSE EF:_)FzE DEVELOPMENT--EAST OF RIVER CALCULATED GPD DISK FILE : 1901EB GPD Drainage Area ( acres ) 69 ____) 0 . 1078 sq .mi . Runoff Curve Number ( CIS ) 65 � Time of Concentration jo ( hrs ) 0 .4 '� Rainfall Distribution ( Type ) III Ponca and Swamp Areas ( a ) 0 > 0 .0 acres Storm #1 Storm #2 Storm #3 Frequency ( years ) 10 Ra:i.of a 11 , P , 24--hr ( i n ) 4 ,7 Initia'I Abstraction . Ia. ( in ) 1 .077 1 .077 1. .077 16/p Ratio 0 ,.229 0 .000 0 .000 Unit Discharge , * qu ( csm/in ) 404 0 p Runof f , O ( in ) 1 .46 0 .00 0 .00 Pane & Swam*P AdJusiwment Factor 1 .00 1 .00 1 .00 AF7 PE.AK-DI-SCFHARGE , qp ( cfs ) 63 0 0 ---- -- ----------------------------------- -------------------------- Summary of Computations for qu -------------------------------- Ia/p #1 0 . 100 0 .000 0 .000 Co #1 2 .473 0 .000 0 .000 C1 41 -0 .518 0 .000 0 .000 C2 #1 --0 .171 0 .000 0 .000 qu. ( csm ) #1 449 .202 0 .000 0 .000 Ia/p #2 0 .300 0 .000 0 .000 CO #2 2 .396 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #2 --0 .5 12 0 .000 0 .000 C2 #2 --0 . 132 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) #2 379 ,366 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) 404 0 0 Interpolated for computed Ia/p ratio ( between Ia/p #1 & Ia/p #2 ) If compute# Ia/p exceeds Ia/r-,) limits , bounding limit for Ia/p is used . 2 log( qu - CO C1 * log( Tc ) ) + ( C2 * ( log( Tc ) ) ) q,p, ( of s } -M qu( csm ) * Area( sq.,mi. Q( i n ,. ) -* ( Pond & Swarlip Adj., } Quick 1-R---55 Version, 5 .30 S/N : 12405 30096 > > > > > GRAIDHICAL. PEAK DISCHARGE METHOD < < < < < WILLOWBROOK GOLF COURSE AFTER DEVELOPMENT--EAST OF RIVET', -- CALCULATED DISK FILE : 1901EA GPD Drainage Area ( acre ) 69 ---> 0 . 1073 sq .mi . Runoff Curare Number ( CN ) 64 Time of Concentration ,Tc ( hrs ) 0 .5 - Rainfall Distribution ( Type ) III Pond and Swamp Areas ( % ) 0 -_.__w> 0 .0 acres Storm #1 Storm #2 Storm #3 Frequency ( years ) 10 Rainfall , P . 24--hr ( in ) 4 .7 Initial Abstraction , la ( in ) 1 .125 1 . 125 1 .125 la/p Ratio 0 .23 9 0 ,000 0 .000 Unit. Discharge , * qu ( csm/in ) 365 0 0 Runoff , Q ( in ) 1 .39 0 .00 0 .00 �P Pond & Swamp Adjustment Factor 1 .00 1 .00 1 .00 rn, F3 6 7�P C- AFTL- PEAK DISCHARGE , qp ( cfs ) 55 0 0 Summary of Computations for qu --------------------------------- Ia/p #1 0 .100 0 .000 0 .000 Co #1 2 .473 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #1 ---0 .51€3 0 .000 0 .000 C2 #1 -0 ,171 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) #1 410 .930 0 .000 0 .000 Ia/p #2 0 .300 0 .000 0 .000 Co #2 2 .396 0 .000 0 .000 C1 #2 -0 .512 0 .000 0 .000 C2 #2 --0 .1,32 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csrrr ) #2 345 .470 0 .000 0 .000 qu ( csm ) 365 0 0 Interpolated for computed Ia/p ratio ( between Ia/p #1 & Ia/p #2 ) If computed Ia/p exceeds Ia/p limits , bounding limit for Ia/p is used . 2 log( qu ) .- CO + ( C1 * tog( Tc ) ) •t ( tw2 * ( log( Tc ) ) ) qp ( cfs ) = qu( csm ) * Area( sq „mi . ) Q( in , ) * ( Pond & Swamp Adj . ) Uj' � I-'' Inlet Number O c w Time to Inlet w Area in Acres W W W .0 Runoff Coefficient N 01 N vj w AI s ON Sum of AI `t --3 Total Al "i o' Rainfall Intensity \ Q to Inlet N o Grade of Gutter m o .p v N Cross Slope of Shoulder w H Depth of Flow at Gutter Width of Flow F Q Bypassing Inlet 1 t AI Bypassing Inlet N H AI.Entering Catch Basin N ON '4aa4S q PaXua4D alnog 'S uMoS Tq Pau?IsaQ .� `) 'NN00 'AdMOISV19 '3AV NOd93H till OOSSV Q VddAAH '3 ONI3H - I J f' Line ne Sograent � C C C N I w Time :in Pipe Accumulated `.N.me Al Fntering Catch Basin Sum of AI in Systers �l w -- — -- - — - — -- -----��----- -� — to ,j v v RRinfall intensity `o{ 2 in System (D c c N cr "o Pipe Size —�-- —-- -- t� N Qel � D n&h of Pipe � a Pam -- --- — --- --- ---- _—�-- --6�-—..._`-(v Average Velocity c"D — f 1} fw Cull_ Capacity rF Ilen.cltr[tter t� o Int fc{ pau:)Tsa(I 1-7 • 1 I—K;) L-o-- —7 w f v L v ca e es Tw // * Z slo p& 2 13 Yo 7L49 i A/ P r IPL?S — ADD � ` To P w► ®Tf# m e P s � f , ABUTTING PROPERTY OWNERS- WILLOWBROOK GOLF COURSE Draugelis,Algirdas A. & Joyce A., 240 Brookfield St., S. Windsor, CT 06074 South Windsor Heights,Inc., 389 Griffin Rd., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Georgeadis,Alexander N. & Silvia R., 105 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Maharan, Kendall R. & Susan M., 95 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Dunbar, Harold H., Jr. &Marriam C., 89 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Bushkoff, Stanley J. &Evelyn W., 73 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Hemp, Carol L., 65 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Belardinelli,Renee, 55 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Kennedy, Charles A. &Mary H., 47 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Braddock, Michael A. &Braddock, Maryjo Fox., 37 Greenfield Dr, S. Windsor, CT 06074 Maguire, William J., Jr.,&Fay N., 29 Greenfield Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Lincoln,Arthur C. &Vicki Cattanach, 115 Skyline Dr, S. Windsor, CT 06074 Guarino, Janet M., 105 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Beaulieu, Wayne R., 95 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Gonzalez, Roberto &Alicia J., 85 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Ketaineck, David P. &Karen E., 197 Morgan Farms Dr., S. Windsor,CT 06074 Kupchunos, Walter, 323 Graham Rd., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Hull, Robert P. &Linda P., 75 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor,CT 06074 Peterson, Michelle C. &Peterson, Mark A., 55 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Reyes, Mercedes,45 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Gordon,Francesca A. &Luis G., 35 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor,CT 06074 Mitchell, John James Della T., 40 Windy Hill, S. Windsor, CT 06074 Mitchell, John James et al, 90 Brookfield St., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Burr, David R. &Patricia, 103 Saddleback Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Tarascio,James T. &Astrid G., 106 Saddleback Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Depratti, Roland A. &Janet H., 102 Saddleback Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Simons,Hopeton K. &Estella,45 High St., S. Windsor,CT 06074 Lattarulo, Gregory S. &Mary L., 59 High St., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Kitchens,Michael J. & Susan M., 15 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Walker,Ronald J., 25 Skyline Dr., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Town of South Windsor, 1540 Sullivan Ave., S. Windsor, CT 06074 Groebel,David G. &Evelyn E., 115 Greenfield Dr.,S. Windsor,cT 06074 Memorandum To: John Kelly, Principal, Willow Brook Golf Course CC: George Logan, REMA Ecological Services From: Jeffrey Folger, Environmental Planner, Town of South Windsor Date: 07/01/02 Re: Mitigation requirements for the golf course. Referencing your mitigation proposal, a portion of the mitigation plan for disturbing wetland and wetland buffers entailed the removal of invasive plants identified onsite. These plants included phragmites, and multiflora rose. The proposal also identified diseased elm trees on the site to be removed. After reviewing the areas that have been cleared to establish the golf fairways, I have concluded that this portion of the mitigation plan has been satisfied. The vast majority of the plants identified were removed as a function of the general clearing operations. To effect removal of plants in more remote areas of the site would result in unacceptable damage to adjacent vegetation or wetland areas. 1 \ .� . *, iA ii■j --*w► .:. _ _ --=!...-+••-1-----_ •mac+rr�+��r'+! r i��1.� �1 `.�� t I �� ! / i q► • ,- 1r `r fir- f/'�� ' . It lw� gm ON [wjjjMjjjjjjWWjl,'r-_-'%lj ' Cep •- - �. Lk �31 NEWS /.• � �, �' - �. ; :.:��~,, ! �---'Ar � '••'�`�:.w Baal �'r•%lG��tl1•T �ai• V i � • AVENUE o>na©da0000rtmmmm®mmmmc•om r CLu[�flQ3mm637mm®�f] 7�®mmmm®Dli� QaIEr17 tot LEGEND 00 Limit of Wetland Mitigation Area Limit of Shallow Excavation 7 ( 7._ �•w.w• &, Grading r� ISLAND LANDSAPEQ � Very Poorly Drained Areas �••�.•. (Shadow Marsh) -�••�.. Wet Meadow Areas Planting Materials Amounts. Saplings(deciduous&evergreen)=71 t� Shrubs(small to large-sized fonts)=252 Emergent plants= specialized seed mixes .R r� {{i i 0- {s, CP —� I , t� _ c .�- _ -.. 0. Lp : �. ��.•�.� .®� .� row ... lamb VIII •.w �` '� �` •., `•• "" " """"� ' ii•• _ _ 1•.®•..t �� ,' -"'•yr.°.'.`�•:. ,.�•ic�;.����+iiyi�#,�._�_-._- f� .Sf '.- Willowbrook Golf Course X P PVnNGS SEEpr g • `a.aa:,�ri_►:a,,, ; ' ri •••; `%%b Brookfield Street, South Windsor, CT •rr••s EtJiC s www►+swwa 1lRt#E1 `ii` 111a1)!'lll�3ll�1i �#.iAa�IR 13: p t r CO RLVi•i• '•aM F1 21BE TITLE: ICE s - �.r'yi .w.st+r�srs•w• •w�+ •a ; +wa4.tas.nr� y t+ - >�— -- 1 tires wi�wrwa.alai%. i Asa, v i ao - .;�.• i'.., ..• % Proposed N '�+.``. .• •�,� •• �*^�a..►•� Wetland_ . nd Creation Plan ft �,# •# B�1 /�.. - ALE I. y� m�.• 01531SWN1 N.T.S 7 - v Rema Ecological Services, LL.0 19 Foster Street Manchester, Connecticut N-A ,. (860)649-7362 7 z �ti Figure I _. 1 DATE: i August 15, 2001 PRO a :a. •, �� / ,f \ • • -- — �� � /� _iiI��Ai!'i� ,f�A���.�fl�I•��I�RrIGti�G•_../1►�►►,A'h�M.'�!�:���V��,��--`-fo ►AMA `��� ice, .: � � � ' �� 1,'� ��` �•,!� :; w.� ' � �/� ,� �,N��'.,I�� � � !► ,���14 ...� 'f�/ � ram' ��'. ,� �f � � � �� ��1 ��/� / "11� ' '� n ,d•�:; � �I�., bps- -- � or ��o,��� � ' /r F•.[/t �/�? �a�ii'i' j t /�,I ' l�� l ��. � / � i11�� ,�► �ua..'� Yi as l� IN « `� rl � � _-�!�...-•Y� �►...fir --," h � , WEI Mill -Mi r4 OEM a• � � ���: !' lit'..✓ / +}�'4U G � '�� �`�« a �� Ow, na •.- SCORE CARD LM SuffilEym [ a••• AVENUE��d©©���OOLi7tiil7ijlily®®�mO7�t�[T1� �1 f. «• r a. : a . �Z� ili�m®F3r7�fID�f1C��mm�m�®03i� QL ]Et7 f a . • IM�i " REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, «C REPORT DATE: july 3, 2001 19 Foster Street PAGE 1 OF 3 Manchester, CT PHONE: (860) 649-7362 ON-SITE SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT PROJECT NAME& SITE LOCATION: RES Job No.: 015135WN1 Pronooed Willowbrook C2olf Courrm Field Investigation Date(s): 5/01 &6/01 Brookfield Street Field Investigation Method(s): Mouth Windsor, Gotinectiout ® Spade and Auger ❑ Backhoe Test Pits ❑ Other: REPORT PREPARED FOR: Field Conditions: Reino E. H14ppa &Associates, Inc.. Weather: 5un y 70'o and 80's 124 Hebron Avenue Soil Moisture: moderate Glaotonbury CT 06033 Snow Depth: N/A Frost Depth: N/A Purpose of Investigation: ® Wetland Delineation/Flagging in Field ❑ Wetland Mapping on Sketch Plan or Topographic Plan ❑ High Intensity Soil Mapping by Soil Scientist ® Medium Intensity Soil Mapping from SCS Soil Survey Maps ❑ Other: Base Map Source: Hartford County Soil Survey (mi) Wetland Boundary Marker Series: RE5-A-1 to KE54-74,KF5- -1 to RE -5-38, RE5-C-1 to RE5-G-39, RE5- D-1 to RES-D-83, RE5-E-1 to KE5-E-15, RE6-1E-1 to KE5-1E-26, RE53-F-1 to RE5-F-4, KE5-6-1 to RE5-G-45, RE5- 16-1 to RE5-1G-33, RE5-H-1 to RE5-H-11, RE5- 1-1 to RE5- 1-22, RE5-1 J-1 to RE5-1J-5, RE5-M-1 to RE5-M-25. RE5-N-1 to RE5-N-7, RE5-P-1 to RE5-P-4 RE5-0-1 to RE5-0-4, RE R-1 to RE5-R-9 and RE5-T-1 to RE5-T-36 General Site Description/Comments: The Site is located on the east Side of 5rookfield Street, and consists of active at fiddo, dirt roado and natho, maintained lawn areas, a pet cemctery and forested upland and wetlando arcao, The Soils were identified primarily as undisturbed Soil types Disturbed upland soil typoo w r observed associated with the dirt farm roads The undisturbed Soils were derived from glaciofluval (i.e.. stratified sand and gravel) deposito and alluvial deposits The soils identified as undisturbed "ups land types" consist of the cxccooively well-drained Manchester (Mg) and Fcnwood (En) ooil serieo and the somewhat excessively well drained Hartford (Hf) onil r2crico, The disturbed soilo were identified ao Udorthents (Ild) The" wetland-type" s� are comprised of poorly drained Walpole (Wd) Soil series and the very p�rlY drained 5carboro (5e) and Saco (5b) soil oeries The "re,3ulated area" is comprised of the floodplain of the Podunk River and its associated wetland and w onded owiamn areae and a number of ftinlatvd wetlando located in the onuthern portion of the site. PAGE 2 OF 3 DATE: 7/3/01 ON-SITE SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT (CONTINUED) PROJECT NAME& SITE LOCATION: Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course South Windsor, CT SOIL MAP UNITS Wetland Soils Walpole sandy loam (Wd). This series consists of deep, poorly drained soils formed in sandy water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are nearly level to gently sloping soils on glaciofluvial landforms, typically in shallow drainage ways and low-lying positions on stream terraces and outwash plains. The soils formed in loamy over stratified sandy and gravelly outwash derived from a variety of acid rocks. Typically, these soils have a very dark brown sandy loam surface layer 6 inches thick. The subsoil from 6 to 23 inches is mottled, grayish brown sandy loam. The substratum from 23 to 60 inches is mottled, light brownish gray,gravelly loamy sand and gravelly sand. 5carboro loam (5e). This series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils formed in sandy water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are nearly level soils on glaciofluvial landforms, typically in low depressions and drainage ways of outwash plains and terraces. The soils formed in a loamy sand lying over stratified sandy and gravelly outwash derived from a variety of acid rocks. Typically these soils have a 9 inch black mucky peat or very dark brown mucky sandy loamy surface layer. The subsurface layer from 9 to 16 inches is gray loamy sand. The substratum from 16 to 60 inches is olive gray, grayish brown and light yellowish brown loamy sand, loamy fine sand and coarse sand. The substratum may be stratified. Saco silt loam (5b). This series consists of deep,very poorly drained soils formed in coarse-silty,alluvial sediments. The soils are on low flood plains along streams and rivers and are frequently flooded. Saco soils formed in recent alluvium derived mainly from schist, gneiss or granite. Typically, the surface layer is very dark grayish brown mucky silt loam 6 inches thick. The substratum is dark gray and very dark gray Silt loam to a depth of 60 inches or more. Upland Soils Hartford sandy loam (Hf). The Hartford series consists of deep, somewhat excessively drained soils formed in a coarse-loamy mantle underlain by sandy water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are level to very steep soils on outwash plains and high stream terraces. The soils formed in loamy over stratified sandy and gravelly glacial outwash derived mainly from Triassic sandstone, shale, conglomerate and basalt. Typically these soils have a dark brown sandy loam surface layer 9 inches thick. The upper part of the subsoil from 9 to 16 inches is yellowish red sandy loam. The lower part of the subsoil from 16 to 24 inches is reddish brown loamy sand. The substratum from 24 to 60 inches is reddish brown gravelly stratified sand and gravel. projects\conn\01513SWN1\soilreporM.doc PAGE 3 OF 3 DATE: 7/3/01 ON-SITE SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT (CONTINUED) PROJECT NAME& SITE LOCATION: Propoocei Willowbrook Golf Courac South Windsor, CT SOIL MAP UNITS Manchester gravely sandy loam (Mg). This series conoloto of very deep, excessively drained soils formed in a Shallow, loamy Sand mantle underlain by gravelly Sand, water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are level to very steep Soils on outwash plains, terraces, deltas, kamco and eskers. The soils formed in loamy over Stratified Sandy and gravelly glacial outwash derived mainly from Triassic sandstone, Shale, conglomerate and basalt. Typically these soils have a reddish brown gravelly Sandy loam surface layer 6 inches thick. The Subsoil layer from 6 to 16 inches is yellowish red gravelly Sandy loam. The Substratum from 16 to 60 inches is yellowish brown stratified sand and gravel. Udorthents (Ud). This Soil mapping unit consists of well drained to moderately well drained Soils that have been altered by cutting,filling,or grading. The areas either have had two feet or more of the upper part of the original Soil removed or have more than two feet of fill material on top of the original Soil. Udorthento or Made Land soils can be found on any Soil parent material but are typically fluvial on glacial till plains and outwa6h plains and stream terraces. Penw000d (Pn). This Series consists of very deep, excessively drained Soils formed in sandy outwash. They are nearly level to Strongly sloping Soils on glaciofluvial landform6. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent. Permeability of the Penwood Soils is rapid or very rapid throughout. Thickness of the Solum ranger, from 20 to 36 inches. Rock fragments, dominantly fine gravel, range from 0 to 10 percent in the solum and from 0 to 15 percent in the Substratum. Unlesr, limed, the soil iS very Strongly acid to moderately acid throughout. Typically, these Soils have a dark brown loamy sand Surface layer 8 inches thick. The subsoil from 8 to 16 inches is yellowish red loamy band, loose structure,with no mottles. The Substratum from 18 to 60 inches iS reddish brown Sand (Single grain)with no mottles. Any accompanying soil logs and soil maps, and the on-site soil investigation narrative are in accordance with the taxonomic classification of the National Cooperative Soil Survey of the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, and with the Connecticut Soil Legend (DEP Bulletin No.5, 1983). Jurisdictional wetland boundaries were delineated pursuant to the Connecticut General Statutes (CGS Sections 22a-36 to 22a-45), as amended. The site investigation was conducted and/or reviewed by the undersigned Registered Soil Scientist(s) [registered with the Society of Soil Scientists of Southern New England (SSSSNE)in accordance with the standards of the Federal Office of Personnel Management]. Respectfully submitted, REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES,LLC George T.Logan,MS Registered Soil Scientist Certified Professional Wetland Scientist(No.581) projects\corm\015I3SM N1\soilreporM.doc RECEIVE JUt 13 2001 July 8,2001 SOUTH"OSOR pLANN#VG DEpT. Town of South Windsor 1540 Sullivan Avenue South Windsor, CT 06074 CERTIFIED MAIL Dear Property Owner: Re: Willowbrook Golf Course,Brookfield St., South Windsor In accordance with Section 7.3b of the"Town of South Windsor Inland Wetlands,Watercourses and Conservation Regulations",we are required to notify you that an application has been filed on the property abutting yours and is subject to a hearing by the Inland Wetlands Agency/Conservation Commission. The application and plans are on file with the South Windsor Planning Department. As an abutting property owner,you are invited to the hearing to ask questions and/or give comments; however, you are not required to attend. You may also submit written comments regarding the application prior to the hearing if you so desire. For further information regarding the specific date this will be heard, please contact Jeff Folger, the Zoning/Wetlands Enforcement Officer, at the Planning Department, 644-2511, ext. 229. Sincerely, John J. Kelley,Applicant 19-01b s . July 8, 2001 CERTIFIED MAIL Dear Property Owner: Re: Willowbrook Golf Course,Brookfield St., South Windsor In accordance with Section 7.3b of the"Town of South Windsor Inland Wetlands,Watercourses and Conservation Regulations", we are required to notify you that an application has been filed on the property abutting yours and is subject to a hearing by the Inland Wetlands Agency/Conservation Commission. The application and plans are on file with the South Windsor Planning Department. As an abutting property owner,you are invited to the hearing to ask questions and/or give comments; however, you are not required to attend. You may also submit written comments regarding the application prior to the hearing if you so desire. For further information regarding the specific date this will be heard, please contact Jeff Folger, the Zoning/Wetlands Enforcement Officer, at the Planning Department, 644-2511, ext. 229. Sincerely, 19-01b John J. Kelley,Applicant t0*" sF� t� y ' r Town ale S-ouM ?di�� °. 1540 SULLIVAN AVENUE • SOUTH WINDSOR, CT 06074 ~°soR'co�'�� TELEPHONE (860) 644-2511 Date: July 13, 2001 To: Ken Smith—Reino Hyyppa 124 Hebron Avenue Glastonbury, CT 06033 From: Jeffrey H. Folger, Environmental Planner/Conservation Officer Re: Review of Willowbrook Golf Course -Plans dated 07/11/01. I have reviewed the plans for the proposed golf course; these are initial comments: 1. No erosion controls are shown on the plan. Please include an Erosion and Sedimentation control plan. 2. Is any mitigation planned to compensate for proposed wetland disturbances? 3. Drainage computations should be submitted calculating changes in runoff based on the proposed changes in land cover, grading, diversion of runoff, etc. 4. Finished grade drainage patterns should be shown on a separate sheet to determine potential areas of concentration during and after construction. Please show existing and proposed grade lines without tee, fairway, and green details. 5. The culvert proposed to be placed across the 18'fairway should have a properly sized energy dissipater placed at the outlet. 6. Details of slope treatments on cleared areas west of hole#2 and green#1 need to be shown. 7. Details of slope treatments on cleared areas south of hole#5 and north of hole#17 need to be shown. 8. Details of how balls originating from the driving range will be kept from entering the watercourse should be shown. cc. Town Engineer Town Planner IWA/CC MEMORANDUM To: South Windsor Inland Wetland/Conservation Commission. From: Jeffrey H. Folger—Environmental Planner/Conservation Officer Date: July 19, 2001 Re: Review of the proposed Willowbrook Golf Course. Plans dated 10/19/00. The project is to construct an 18-hole golf course, driving range, clubhouse, and parking lot. Proposed regulated activities include filling approximately 1,946 sqft of wetlands filling; 12,100 sgft of clearing of vegetation within wetlands; 7.9 acres sgft of grading within the URA; and 1.3 acres of clearing of vegetation within the URA. Site: The site is located in the Podunk River watershed. The parcel is comprised of 85 acres. The site is 50%open(active agriculture, tilled soil) and 50% early to mid- successional forest. The Podunk River runs through the property with '/a of the property on the west side of the river(abutting Brookfield Street). Major wetland areas occur along the river channel and in the middle/southern portion of the property. There is a linear band of regulated soils in the northeast corner of the property heading diagonally into the center. This band occurs along a drainageway from properties offsite. Offsite drainage has caused a fairly deep (25') gully to form. This drainage actually completely infiltrates into the ground and travels underground for approx. 500 feet before breaking out into a wetland again. A small pond exists in the southwest corner adjacent to Brookfield Street. Three-quarters of the property slopes in a westerly direction towards the Podunk River. The slopes are generally moderate 3-8%. Dirt roads wind through the property that have provided access to the Agricultural fields. There is a crossing of the Podunk present, which dams up the river into a pond to the north. There are several eroded gullies on the property caused by runoff from the agricultural fields as well as from offsite residential development. These areas originate from points of concentrated flow from the fields. The large southern wetland area would be categorized as a forested wetland type with several wetland depressions present that contain water at least part of the year during the growing season. Several of these would be classified as vernal pools. Delineation of wetland boundaries shown appear to be accurate. Initial discussions with the environmental consultant,REMA Ecological Services, indicate that they have not found any obligate vernal pool vertebrate species present. Other amphibian species (green frog)were present and breeding in the pools. The big storm that occurred on June 15th resulted in significant sedimentation to the eastern most vernal pool. This highlights the fact that this pool and others are probably impacted on a yearly basis by nutrients, chemicals, and sediment associated with agricultural practices. So the likelihood of sensitive obligate species of amphibians utilizing this pool for breeding is low. Stormwater from the proposed parking lot(west side of river adjacent to Brookfield Street)will be directed into a linear biofilter and dispersed via a level spreader into the riparian area to the east. Stormwater shedding off of the playing area on the east side of the river is shown to flow off of the site unimpeded. This is an area of concern. It is expected that runoff will concentrate within 150 feet and pose an potential erosion hazard, especially near areas where slopes will be cleared. This has not been adequately addressed in the plan. Impacts: For the most part, the main channel and riparian area of the Podunk is being avoided as far as direct impacts are concerned. Clearing of trees is proposed to occur west of Holes# 1 and 2. This area is showing clearing on a slope that leads to the Podunk River floodplain. The limit of clearing in this area would come up to 80 feet of the River channel. Similar clearing of slopes is proposed in the northeastern portion of the property along the large gully. Similar concerns for this area. The area associated with the 10"'hole will experience the greatest amount of disturbance, in both direct wetland impacts and impacts within the upland review area. The presence of the tee, green and fairway as an area cleared of naturally occurring vegetation will displace indigenous terrestrial wildlife using this area. The small wetland proposed to be filled will not result in any negative impact. The vernal pool that will have all of the surrounding vegetation cleared around it will develop a denser lower and mid vegetation component due to the increase in available light. I would speculate based on personal experience with other similar situations at other golf courses that mobile, generalized species of amphibians will continue to use the pool. Areas to be cleared within wetland areas and within the LIRA will also result in the displacement of wildlife present in those areas. Soils on the site are depicted on the plans where the playing areas are proposed and consist of Enfield Silt Loam Eroded(EsB2) 3 to 8% slopes. This soil is listed as having an erosion potential of high. This seems to be borne out on the land by the presence of rills and head cut gullies present in agricultural fields from recent storms. Based on the soil scientist report, subsoil is likely to consist of fine, red, sandstone material. There is a high liklihood of red water shedding off of the site during rainstorms. s� Erosion hazard is a concern, especially where slopes area cleared to provide air circulation around greens. The erodable nature of the soil will make areas of concentrated flow a concern. Flow patterns after construction have been requested, this information has not been provided yet. As of this date, I have not seen an environmental report. A partial E&S plan was submitted on July 18"`, late afternoon. Mitigation of proposed disturbances has not been proposed. Overall I believe that this proposed land use will result in a net improvement to the existing wetland system when compared to the prior and existing use. REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC 7 19 Foster Street Manchester,CT 06040 (860)649-REMA(7362) (8W)647-8397(fax) rema8@aol.com July 20, 2001 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission 1540 Sullivan Avenue South Windsor, CT 06074 RE: Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course Brookfield Street, South Windsor, CT RES Job No. 01529FRF1 Dear Commissioners: This report has been prepared by REmA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC (RES) on behalf of South Windsor Golf Course, LLC, ("the applicant") for submission to the Town of South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission ("the Commission"). The application to the Commission is being filed pursuant to the Connecticut Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Act (Section 22a-36 to 22a-45), as amended, of the Connecticut General Statutes; ("the Act") and to the Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Regulations for the Town of South Windsor. 1.0 INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW The applicant requests approval from the Commission to construct an 18-hole "executive" golf course. Specifically, approval is sought from the Commission to: (1) Disturb, through filling, approximately 1,946 square feet (0.044 acres) of isolated and fringe wetlands; Soil&Wetland Studies ♦ Ecology • Environmental Planning&Management ♦ Permitting • Ecological Restoration&Habitat Mitigation ♦ Expert Testimony South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 2 (2) alter,through canopy cuts,approximately 12,100 square feet(0.277 acres),and (3) conduct regulated activities within roughly 9.2 acres of the Town of South Windsor 80-foot "wetland and watercourse buffer"(a.k.a."upland review area"). The project site is located in north-central South Windsor in the Podunk River watershed. It is east of Brookfield Street and half a mile north of Sullivan Ave (Route 194) (see Figure 1). Currently an active farm, this site is readily accessed by several farm roadways that traverse the project area. The development site encompasses roughly 85 acres of land. In its present state the bulk of the site is active farmland producing vegetable row crops; there is also a small (under 1/4 acre)pet cemetery and an ornamental tree nursery area in the northwest field. A 200-foot to 300-foot wide corridor of forest and shrub swamp borders both sides of the Podunk River, which flows across the site from north to south, and a narrower wooded corridor borders an unnamed intermittent tributary stream that traverses the site from northeast to southwest. Approximately four acres of upland forest in the south central portion of the site buffers a group of depressional wetlands. Except for the mostly undisturbed Podunk River corridor, the development site is bounded on three sides (west, north, east, and southwest) by residentially developed land. Open farm fields remain to the southeast of the site. Brookfield Street forms the western boundary of the site. According to the USGS Topographic Quadrangle Map (Manchester Quad), elevation ranges from roughly 160 feet in the northeastern corner of the site to approximately 90 feet above mean sea level along Podunk River as it passes through the southern end of the site. The site plans confirm these elevations (i.e. 160.0 feet to 88.5 feet). Slopes are mostly level to gently sloping. However there are narrow, steep areas bordering the two watercourses: the Podunk River (Wetland Units O and G)' and the unnamed intermittent tributary from the northeast (Wetland Units B and D). The complex of depressional wetlands in the south central portion of the site includes very short (10 to 20 feet long) moderately steep slopes around each depression, averaging about 15%. 1.1 GEOLOGY, SOILS& WETLAND DELINEATIONS The Bedrock Geological Map of Connecticut (Rodgers 1985) shows that the entire site and adjacent areas are underlain by Portland arkose. This reddish brown sandstone is the t Wetland designations follow those of the Wetland Boundary Flag Series(e.g.Series D:Wetland Unit D). 2 t ] South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 3 sedimentary rock that occupies extensive areas of the Central Connecticut valley. It is covered by a thick layer of layered (stratified) glacial meltwater deposits. According to The Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut (Stone et al. 1992) "fines (very fine sand, silt, and clay)" occupy most of the site. Fine textures indicate that soils were deposited in slow-moving melt-waters, a glacial lake. The map also shows a band of "alluvium overlying fines" along the Podunk River; these layered silts were brought in over time by river floodwaters. The river floodplain and several wetland pools also contain swamp deposits, though they are not large enough to have been mapped. They are defined as follows: "Muck and peat that contain minor amounts of sand, silt and clay, accumulated in poorly drained areas,usually under ten feet thick ..." The surficial geology map shows thick well-sorted, stratified (non-fine) sand deposits immediately to the northeast of the site are. The finer scale soils maps in the 1958 Hartford County Soil Survey shows that the site does include limited areas of soils derived from coarser-textured deposits, as well as soils derived from fine-textured outwash. Clay loam and silt loam soil layers have good moisture holding capacity and may prevent downward percolation of rainfall. Good moisture holding capacity is important for agricultural soils; truck-farming is the current land use of the site, which had formerly been a tobacco farm. Silt and clay layers-also create wetland hydrology in a number of glacial "kettle" depressions that formed in the south central part of the site when the ground caved in over melting,buried glacial ice blocks. The site's soils are derived from the types of underlying "parent materials" or deposits mentioned above. They are primarily of undisturbed nature, except for the plow layer in field areas. Sandy upland soils vary from level to gently sloping,with several areas of steep slopes bordering wetlands. A large number of soil series are present, each with a different pattern of textural layering. The upland soil series in tilled areas include three prime agricultural soils: well-drained Enfield silt loam (En) and Hartford sandy loam (Hf) and well-drained to somewhat excessively well-drained Agawam fine sandy loam(AfA). There are also areas of droughty, excessively well-drained Penwood loamy sand (PnA) and Windsor loamy fine sand(Wv). 3 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 4 Soils in woodland include portions of all the series listed above. The steeply sloping Tg (sandy Terrace Escarpment) mapping unit occurs adjacent to the river and to the northeast stream. Wooded uplands in the complex of depressional wetlands in the south-central part of the site are mostly in the Hartford and Manchester series with areas of moderately well- drained Elmwood sandy loam or Ninigret fine sandy loam. In the depressional wetlands soils are very poorly drained Whately loam (WoA) with a fine-textured substratum that retains water. Some pools include areas of very poorly drained peats and mucks, less than 24 inches in depth, that belong to the Adrian mucks (AA) soil series. Poorly drained Walpole (Wd) sandy loam occurs in the wetlands along the northeastern stream. Extensive areas of alluvial, floodplain soils along the Podunk River are mapped as very poorly drained Saco silt loam(Sb). Field investigations for the purpose of delineating wetland resources were conducted in May and June of 2001 by James McManus, a Connecticut-certified Soil Scientist. Wetlands were delineated pursuant to the State of Connecticut General Statutes (CGS Sections 22a-36 to 22a-45). Wetlands are delineated based on the soil types that have been designated by the National Cooperative Soils Survey as being poorly drained, very poorly drained, alluvial or floodplain. Each wetland unit was flagged with a number series beginning with a different letter, as shown on the 40 scale plans. These same letters have been used to identify the wetlands in this report. The On-Site Soil Investigation report prepared in support of the wetland delineations is appended to this report. 1.2 VEGETATION AND WILDLIFE HABITAT 1.2.1 Regional Context The project area is located in the North-Central Lowlands Ecoregion of the Northern Hills - Hills-Central Hardwoods — White Pine Zone (Dowhan and Craig 1976) in the Mattabessett River watershed(see Figure lb). An ecoregion is: "An area characterized by a distinctive pattern of landscapes and regional climate as expressed by the vegetation composition and pattern and the presence or absence of certain indicator species and species groups" 4 AMMOMM South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 , Page S The North-Central Lowlands Ecoregion is a broad area in the interior of the state consisting of lowlands and extensive floodplains along the major rivers interspersed with prominent north-trending ridge systems. Layers of bedrock of Triassic age are tilted to the east: sedimentary red-brown sandstones and igneous, erosion-resistant, dark basalts. Soils in low-lying river valleys are derived from extensive stratified deposits of sand, gravel, silt and some clay, whereas soils in the uplands have formed on red, clayey glacial till. The growing season averages 180 days, one of the longest in the state outside the coastal region. Dominant trees within this ecoregion include oaks, hickories, maples, ashes, black birch, and, in abandoned fields, red cedar, white pine, and gray birch. Hemlock and white pine are locally abundant. Habitats of biologic significance include, river floodplains, sandplains, and grasslands, and black spruce bogs. From a broader ecosystem perspective, the climax forest community or association in this area of Connecticut is also called "sprout hardwoods" (Braun 1950). There are two reasons this forest community is referred to as "sprout hardwoods." First, most reproduction occurs through sprouting. Second, these forests are dominated by secondary communities of sprout origin. This forest association covers parts of the states of Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island and extends a short distance south of the glacial boundary in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania, northward in the Hudson River Valley to beyond Albany, and eastward across southern New England. All of southern Connecticut is in the"sprout hardwoods" forest. Most of the forest vegetation in Connecticut, particularly in upland areas, has been profoundly modified by lumbering, agriculture, and fire in the earlier historical periods, and also by urbanization and earth removal in more recent years. Remnants of the original forest cover remain in only few places, preserved in state parks and state and national forests. For most of the region, the vegetation bears little resemblance to the original plant cover. Diversity of woody species, many of which have the capacity to resprout, has declined less than diversity of herbaceous, forest understory plants. Species of long-lived herbaceous plants with low rates of seed production may have failed to recolonize after populations were eliminated by severe disturbance events such as farming. Prolonged farming, such as that on this site, may have eliminated seed banks (Pickett and White, 1985). Uncommon habitat types such as sand plains may now be too widely spaced or too infrequent for colonization from other ephemeral populations (Chesson, 1986). Extensive areas of 5 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 6 developed land may serve as a colonization barrier, as well as extensive continuous forest. Fast growing, invasive plant species now often colonize open areas, preventing establishment of less vigorous,native ephemeral species (Denslow, 1985). A number of forest types occur within the "sprout hardwoods" forest association. The study site and the surrounding area, which includes the Towns of East Windsor, Vernon, Manchester, Windsor, and other neighboring towns is dominated by the oak-hickory forest type. Finally, several distinct vegetative cover types are typically identified within the oak- hickory forest type of the "sprout hardwoods" forest association. Non-forested cover types also occur on the site. Whitlock et al. (1994) define a cover type as follows: "A portion o a wetland or upland system that contains a uniform plant community P .� P Y composition and structure or that is influenced by one hydrologic regime. A distinct change in either hydrologic or vegetation characteristics indicates a change in cover types." (emphasis added) The cover type approach of ecosystem classification has been traditionally used by ecologists as a rapid method of habitat survey. The main assumption of this method is that structural complexity in the vegetation, as represented by the degree of layering or stratification present, can be equated with habitat diversity, which in turn encourages animal and to a lesser extent plant species diversity. Several vegetative cover types are associated with the development site. They are described in the following section. 1.2.2 Vegetative Cover Types at the Site All major vegetative cover types on the study site and to a limited extent in adjacent areas to be indirectly impacted were identified and inventoried in early July of this year(2001). Four (4) wetland and three (3) upland major cover types occur within the project area, and are briefly described below. The cover types present in each of twelve delineated wetland units are shown in the detailed wetland data forms in Appendix 1. Table 1 provides a synopsis of the dominant cover types encountered at the site. Table 2 shows the results of water quality measurements using portable meters in four inundated wetlands. 6 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 7 ; Plant community composition depends on moisture regime, which is affected by topography and drainage patterns, and also by soil type. It is also influenced by land use history, and the time elapsed since active farming, logging, or earth excavation ceased. Refer to the topographic map in Figure 1 for information on landscape topography and the landscape setting of this site. At this site ongoing mowing, plowing, roadway use, and herbicide application have been maintaining the areas with the tilled field (U-1) and edge/meadow cover type (U-2), reducing species diversity, as described in the previous section. Non- native invasive shrub species have greatly altered the hardwood forest vegetation community in several areas. Past logging has also influenced the areas now occupied by forest. Disturbed variants of the upland forest cover types (U-3) are not treated as separate cover types,but differences are discussed in the text. Table 1: Dominant Vegetative Cover Types within Study Area Cover Type Desiornation Classification Cover Type Upland Tilled agricultural field U-1 Meadow and edge habitat U-2 Mixed hardwood forest U-3 Wetland Forested FO(all) Shrub swamp SS(W-D,G,O) Emergent marsh EM(W-B,E,G) Open water OW(W-E,J,O) 1.2.2.1 Uplands The three upland (non-wetland) cover types in the study area occupy a total of about 70 acres. The tilled field cover type (Upland Cover Type 1, U1) is most abundant. The edge cover type (Upland Cover Type 2, U2) ranges from 10 to 20 feet in width and is also extensive, occupying more than 8,000 linear feet. This is because the site is broken up into relatively small fields by wetland corridors and, in the northwest field, by tree nursery strips. Upland Cover Type 3 (U3), mixed hardwood forest, with occasional evergreens 7 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 8 occupies the wooded portion of the sites. It includes two types or variants, with well- drained to excessively well-drained being predominant. Moist hardwood forest occurs as narrow strips in the transition zone adjacent to wetlands and on several moist slope sections. 1.2.2.1.1 Tilled fields (Upland Cover Type 1) The wide extent of this cover type (Ul) on the site is shown on the submitted plans. As discussed above it occurs on Enfield, Hartford, Manchester, Penwood, Agawam, and Windsor soils, and is derived from stratified sandy and silty glacial outwash materials. At the time of the survey almost nothing was growing in these areas other than small, planted cucumber and bean plants, due to rigorous management of weeds by herbicides. Herbicide use has also caused extensive bleaching of plants in the field edge cover type (U2). Despite the nearly level to gently sloping gradients, due to the large amount of exposed soil, there has been significant ongoing erosion from the tilled fields into several wetland sections. Sediment has reached the eastern edge of the northern Podunk River wetland (W-O) from tilled land in the vicinity of proposed Holes 9 and 1 (tee portion). Much sediment from exposed agricultural soil in the southern field (vicinity of green of Fairway 13) has entered Wetland E, and the south end of Wetland D. No wildlife was observed foraging in the fields, for worms or weed seeds, at the time of the site inspections. Potential Wetland and Watercourse Buffer Impacts Most of this cover type is proposed to be converted to fairways, or landscaped areas between fairways, including secondary rough. The potential for water quality degradation in nearby wetlands from sediment from these areas during construction will be less than existing conditions, because sediment barriers will be in place. After the course is completed, sediment releases will be negligible due to the dense grass cover,much less than current conditions. A state of the art turf management plan embodying integrated pest management (and cost-saving) principles will keep chemical application rates to a minimum, so that impacts on edge habitat and wetlands will be less than existing conditions. 1.2.2.1.2 Field Edge (Upland Cover Type 2 � yP ) The plant diversity of the field edges is remarkably low throughout the site,presumably due to a long history of herbicide use and/or brush hogging to prevent encroachment into the 8 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 9 fields. Shrub, vine, and herbaceous ground-cover is dominated by a few species. Young staghorn sumac shoots (Rhus typhina) (under 3 feet tall) are the most abundant, forming extensive patches. Sprouts of pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) are dominant in many stretches. Blackberries and raspberries (Rubus spp.) are moderately common as well. In most areas there is also a ground cover of vines: fox and river grapes (Vitis labrusca and V. riparia), poison ivy (Toxidendron radicans), and/or the non-native, invasive vine, bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus). Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) and sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis) occur wherever soils are moister, such the field edges of the Wetland D wooded corridor. These species are also common in the brush-hogged area along the non- jurisdictional surface water swale (non-wetland soils) that links the Wetland units B and D (middle of proposed Fairway 14). Common grass species on the field edges are Timothy (Phleum pratense) and bromes (Bromus spp.) and common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) was also noted in several areas. Trees along forest edges are the predominately same species as occur in the adjacent forest interiors, to be discussed in the next section, including black and white oak, red maple, cottonwood, and sugar maple. Black cherries, which thrive in well-lit conditions, are somewhat better represented on edges than within the woodlots. Planted mature weeping willows (Salix babylonica) are found all along the west side of the Podunk River wetland corridor. Species diversity is higher in a small proportion-of the total edge cover type on the site. Two tree nursery strips in the northwest field, planted with ornamental basswood, Norway maple, and weeping willow, support a typical weedy assemblage of a recently fallow field, including cow vetch (Cracca viccia), evening primrose (Oenothera biennis), and field pennycress (Thlapsi arvense). One small meadow area just to the north of the east end of Wetland D (the lower northeastern tributary) has numerous seedlings of cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and perennial meadow species such as Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) and early goldenrod (Solidago juncaea). Showy tick trefoil (Desmodium canadense) and spotted St. John's wort (Hypericum punctatum) were also noted here. A second small, somewhat diverse section is on the north side of the roadway to the west of the pond. Elderberry (Sambucus americana), deertongue grass (Panicum clandestinum), fowl meadow grass (Glyceria spp.), and field buttercup (Ranunculus acris) were among the species noted here as well as ubiquitous dooryard weeds such as plantains (Plantago spp.) and red clover(Trifolium pratense). 9 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 10 Along all the field edges, considerable foliage bleaching was noted, sometimes extending 30 feet into the adjacent forest, presumably caused by herbicide spray. All the above- mentioned shrub and herb plant species were affected. The extent of bleaching on a given plant ranged from a few percent(parts of several leaves) to over 80%. The following wildlife species observed along field edges: chickadee, titmice, yellow warblers, house wren, blue jay, crow, mockingbird, cardinal, Eastern phoebe, American robin, song sparrow, mourning dove, cedar waxwing and blue jay. Birds were most abundant in the northwest field, with the highest proportion of edge. An unidentified snake, probably a garter snake, was glimpsed at the north edge of this field. No rabbits, chipmunks, or woodchucks were observed here. A red tailed hawk was noted indicating there are sufficient small mammals such as meadow voles and white-footed mice to support this raptor. The wildlife value of the edge cover type at this site is reduced by the small numbers of seed-producing grasses and annual forbs and the low proportion of fruiting shrubs, such as silky and gray dogwood, choke cherry, elderberry, and bayberry. Wildlife habitat value of a meadow/edge cover type is a function of the diversity and density of seed and fruit-bearing and flowering plants and the density of cover. Except for small areas discussed above, the value of the meadow/edge cover type at this site is only moderate to low. Potential Wetland and Watercourse Buffer Impacts Most of this cover type will be impacted by the project,_ as treelines are pushed back to a limited extent into adjacent forest for fairway construction. However, with thoughtful J Y � g plantings of native wildflower/grass mixes and native shrubs, and less chemical spillover, the new edges created will have higher wildlife value than the current ones. 1.2.2.2.3 Mixed hardwood forest (Upland Cover Type 3) This cover type occurs on all the upland soil series listed above. Several variants are found on the site. Most extensive is forest dominated by black oak (Quercus velutina) on excessively well-drained and well-drained soils. These include Terrace Escarpments (Tg) along the Podunk River and Hartford fine sandy loam (Hf) in the vicinity of the south central complex of depressional wetlands. Hardwood trees, predominantly black oaks, are intermixed with occasional evergreens with the deciduous component comprising at least 85%, except for one small hemlock-dominated area on the north end of the east shore of 10 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 11 Wetland Unit O. Evergreens may be either Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) or White Pine (Pinus strobus), or both. Other hardwood tree species include black cherry (Prunus serotina), white oak (Quercus alba), red oak (Quercus rubra), beech (Fagus americana), cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and occasional black, gray, and paper birches (Betula, B. populifolia, and B. papyrifera). Hickories, mostly Carya glabra (pignut) are present at a low frequency. Red maple (Acer rubrum), sugar maple (Acer saccharum), elms (Ulmus spp.) and tupelo trees (Nyssa sylvatica), become more common in transitional areas to wetlands and on slopes with shallow groundwater seepage. In these variants of the mixed hardwood forest cover type soils are in the moderately well drained Elmwood or Ellington series. Sugar maple forest occurs in the northeastern corner of the site on the western slope of the stream valley(W-B). Red maple-dominated forest occupies the eastern slope of the pond in W-O. The canopy is closed, and hardwoods occur in a variety of age classes. The majority are less than 14 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH), and multi-trunked sprout trees are common. However occasional much larger trees (two to three feet in diameter) are signs that past tree harvesting was selective, not clear-cutting. Evergreens are more apt to be sizable. Fortunately the largest trees noted (in the two and a half to three and a half foot diameter size class) are all located in areas where they can be spared: a black oak on the far northern property boundary, a white pine on the edge of Wetland Unit P, and a cottonwood at the northern edge of Wetland Unit D. The low-density deciduous woody understory consists primarily of tree saplings, with low shrub cover. Oaks (Quercus spp.), cherries (Prunus spp.) and hickory (Carya spp.) are the dominant tree sapling species. Maple leaf viburnum (Viburnum acerifolium) is present in low numbers. Patches .of low, woody ericaceous plants: late blue berry (Vaccinium angustifolium) and huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata) and dangleberry (G.frondosa), are well developed in the south-central woodland. On well-drained soils there are scattered individuals of the dominant woody species in nearby wetlands, mostly elm saplings (Ulmus spp.), arrowwood viburnum, and spicebush (Lindera benzoin) near the Podunk River wetlands, and highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) near the south central depressions; these shrubs may be dominant in hardwood forest on moderately well-drained soil. Sugar maple saplings (Acer saccharum) and the invasive shrub, Burning Bush (Euonymus alatus), are the dominant shrubs in the sugar maple dominated forest on the slope down to the intermittent stream (W-B) in the northeast corner of the site. Another 11 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 12 invasive shrub, multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) is common further south on the western slope of Wetland Unit B, and on along the south end of Wetland Unit D. Morrow's Honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii) is an invasive shrub in the low diversity understory on the western shore of the Podunk River wetlands. However, invasive shrubs are absent from the south-central hardwood forest area. The herb stratum is patchily distributed. It is low in density except in fern patches, especially New York fern (Thelypteris dryopteris) in the south central woodland. Evergreen groundcover species include princess pine (Lycopodium obscurum), Christmas fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) spotted wintergreen (Chimaphila maculata). Other herb layer constituents are oak seedlings, patches of Pennsylvania sedge (Carex pennsylvanica), Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), poison ivy (Toxidendron radicans) clumps of Swan's sedge (Carex swannii), and patches of hay-scented fern (Dennstaedtia punctiloba). There are also scattered individuals of parasitic species like Indian pipes (Monotropa uniflora). False Solomon's Seal (Smilacina racemosa) and Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense) were noted in all examples of this cover type. Indian cucumber root (Mediola virginiana), sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis), and bellflower (Uvularia sessifolia) occur in moister variants of this cover type, such as areas adjacent to depressional wetlands and on the forested slope just north of the pet cemetery. In moist sugar maple-dominated forest, sugar maple seedlings are the dominant herbs. There are very few invasive herb species. Wildlife observations throughout this cover type include gray squirrels, chickadees, titmice, blue jays, and deer scat; oak acorns are a primary food source. Red-eyed vireo, wood thrush, and ovenbird were the only fragmentation-sensitive bird species observed, noted only in the south-central woodland, but search effort was highest here as considerable time was spent assessing the adjacent depressional wetlands. Non-living wildlife habitat components are important in this cover type. Fallen trees and branches are abundant on the forest floor. A variety of beetles and non-insect arthropods live in the duff layer below the leaf litter, which is well developed, up to two inches thick. These invertebrates provide food for larger wildlife such as smoky and masked shrews. Pine warblers, chickadees are two other bird species often observed in this cover type; they glean insects from bark and leaves of the forest canopy. Gray squirrels were noted here. 12 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 13 Potential Wetland and Watercourse Buffer Impacts A large proportion of this cover type will be preserved as wetland buffer areas. One area of loss would be to the southeast of the impaired northeastern tributary (Wetland Unit B) for construction of Fairways #17 and #18. The forested buffer adjacent to the stream will remain greater than 80 feet adjacent to most of Fairway#18,but will be reduced to less than 30 feet adjacent to the tee of Fairway #17. Fairway #1 along the east side of the Podunk River (Wetland Unit O) will also be located entirely within existing forest. Grading for the northern green section of Fairway #1 will also extend into the 80-foot wide upland review area,which includes an adelgid infested hemlock stand. The most potentially significant area of proposed conversion of this upland cover type is located in the south central part of the site, south of Wetland D, where Fairway#10 is to be located. Forest clearing will extend into the 80-foot wide upland review areas of Wetland Unit D the lower stream corridor as well as several small depressional wetlands, including Wetland Units J, E, M, and P. This area is part of an upland forest block that is currently only approximately four acres, with less than five additional acres of nearby wooded wetlands. The small size of the habitat block significantly reduces the magnitude of wildlife impacts to both wetland-dependent species and upland species. Currently, this is too small an area to provide quality habitat for forest interior songbirds vulnerable to nest predation by edge predators; the three such species observed in this area (ovenbird, wood thrush, and red-eyed vireo) do occasionally nest in small woodlots, but ornithological research has shown breeding success to be low; these areas are not net producers of new birds, and are designated a population "sink" areas as opposed to large unfragmented forest blocks, which are "source" areas where nesting success is higher. Likewise, the four acre forested block is also too small to provide terrestrial habitat for a viable population of wetland-dependent vernal pool amphibians such as spotted salamanders and woodfrogs. Sufficient upland woodland will remain to sustain populations of the less sensitive spring peeper tree frog and green frog, which utilize the site, although not observed due to the season of investigations. Construction impacts of conversion of this cover type to a fairway would be minimal in most area, including the south-central area, for Fairway #10, due to the level terrain. Wherever slopes are steep, additional precautions will be needed to minimize sediment releases, specifically in the "upland review" impact areas for proposed Fairways #10 and #17, and the tees and Fairway #18, discussed above. The course has been designed to 13 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 14 maintain overall forested stream corridor width by balancing narrower buffers on one side of a wetland section with wide buffers on the other side. Several other areas involve minor forest losses in terms of acreage, but there will be grading in steeply sloping portions of the regulated upland review area: the green of Hole #5 will involve filling of a steep, multiflora rose-infested part of the 80 foot review area of Wetland Unit B. The tee of Hole #14 extends into the upland review area of the east end of Wetland Unit D, with a moderate slope. An important consideration in evaluating potential impacts of these reduced wetland and watercourse buffer widths and potential sedimentation risks is wildlife vulnerability to disturbance, and sensitivity of aquatic habitat to nutrient and sediment inputs. As will be discussed below in the Wetlands section, the watercourse-associated wetlands on this site, neither have high sensitivity to water pollution, nor documented populations of disturbance sensitive wildlife species. Functioning vernal pools are highly vulnerable to reductions in setback widths, but not the group of depressional wetlands on this site. For Pool E, correction of the existing severe sedimentation problem will be more significant than loss of wooded buffer to the west for construction of Fairway 10. LZZ2 Wetlands Twelve (12) wetland units were characterized within the project area, encompassing roughly 15 acres of land. It was necessary to look at contiguous off-site portions of these wetlands and nearby wetlands to accurately assess their ability to perform a variety of functions. Some areas were delineated and briefly investigated in the field. Remote sensing techniques (i.e. aerial photograph interpretation) were used to classify and characterize them other nearby offsite wetlands. The delineation of these "wetland ecological units" is consistent with guidelines set forth in the wetland evaluation models most commonly used in the region (see following section). Wetland units are assigned a letter designations corresponding to the first letter in a series of wetland flags used in delineating that wetland.2 2 Note that that some letters are missing (not assigned to a wetland) because several off-site wetlands were delineated and because larger wetlands were delineated with several lettered flag series, of which only one letter was assigned to the wetland. 14 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 15 Two wetland units are along the Podunk River, which traverses the site from north to south. Wetland Unit O (W-0) is north of the road crossing and includes the pond. Wetland Unit G (W-G) is the floodplain wetland to the south of the crossing. Two wetland units are located along an intermittent watercourse that flows towards the Podunk River from the northeast. Wetland Unit B (WB) is the upstream section; Wetland Unit D (WD) is the downstream section. A third group of wetlands consists of eight depressions that retain water to varying degrees. Seven are clustered in the wooded south central portion of the site (Wetland Units E, J, M, N, O, P, and Q). An eighth pool (Wetland Unit H, WH) is located in a strip of woods near Brookfield Street in the southwestern corner of the site. Field investigations of wetland units included the following techniques: plant species inventories, characterization of wetland hydrology and wildlife habitat components such as cover objects and vegetation structure; wildlife observation (e.g. listening for bird calls) and active dip-netting for invertebrates and amphibian larvae in depressional wetlands; sediment boring using an auger, and measurement of several water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, temperature, and redox potential using hand-held meters. Refer to the Wetland Data Forms (appended) and to Table 2 (Water Quality Data) for the detailed wetland investigation results. The following narrative summarizes key information for each of the three groups of wetland units described above: 1) the Podunk river wetlands, 2) the northeastern tributary wetlands, and 3) the depressional wetlands. Proposed impact areas are described in more detail. Each section concludes with a discussion of wetland functions and values for each group, referring to the forms, and potential impacts on these functions. 1.2.2.1.1 Podunk River Wetlands (Wetland Units O and G) The extensive floodplain wetlands associated with the Podunk River make up more than half of the total wetland area on the site; the wetland corridor is 200 feet to 300 feet wide. The dominant wetland class is shrub and sapling swamp comprised of silky dogwood (Corpus amomum), alder (Alnus rugosa), and red maple (Acer rubrum) and elm (Ulmus sp.). A fringe of mature maple/elm/cottonwood (Populus deltoides) swamp forest borders the shrub swamp is bordered by with a variety of wetland shrubs. Spicebush (Lindera 15 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission LIE-qp RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 16 benzoin) is dominant, intermixed with arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum) and some chokeberries (Aronia spp.) and azaleas (Rhododendron spp.). The hydrologic regimes of the northern and southern wetland units (W-O and W-G) are quite different because river flow is constricted at the road crossing through the center of the site. This has created a several acre pond and raised wetland water levels throughout the northern Wetland Unit, W-O; standing water reaches within fifteen feet of the wetland boundary in most shoreline areas. The pond had a partial cover of green algae in early July 2001. Many trees and shrubs have thin foliage and appear stressed, probably due to elevated water levels. Dutch elm disease has killed some elm trees. Water levels are much lower in the southern Wetland Unit G. Exposed mud is between hummocks in the shrub swamp. This wetland unit includes a forested upland island. An approximately half acre area is classified as shallow emergent marsh wetland that lacked standing water at the time of a July 16'', 2001, survey. Botanically diverse, this area includes persistent emergents like lakeside sedge (Carex lacustris) as well as floodplain annuals such as jewelweed (Impatiens capensis), and clearweed(Pilea pumila). Over many years, considerable sediment from the surrounding farmed uplands has washed downslope on the east shore of Wetland Unit G, north of the pet cemetery. Some sediment has reached the wetlands, but more has been trapped in the broad wooded buffers adjacent to the wetland, mostly over 100 to 150 feet in width. Water quality measurements just upstream of the road crossing showed impairment: elevated pH (8.8) and specific conductivity (292 mg/1). Dissolved oxygen levels were elevated (16 mg/1) in late afternoon due to algal photosynthesis, but would be much lower by early morning. This is not surprising since the Podunk River has a sizable, largely developed watershed above the site, a source of sediment,nutrients, and other pollutants. Potential Impacts No direct impacts, either filling or canopy cuts,are proposed for this wetland system. There is however, potential for some indirect impacts from sediment and pollutant releases into this wetland both during construction and after course completion, but they will in all likelihood be much less than under existing conditions. As discussed above, this wetland has good pollutant attenuation capacity. And, this wetland type is not especially sensitive to sediment deposition; alluvial soils in floodplain wetlands consist of accumulated sediment deposits from floodwaters. In the shrub swamp and wooded swamp most of the vegetation is on the 16 TABLE 2: WATER QUALITY MONITORING DATA SITE: Inundated Wetlands at Willowbrook Golf Course Site SAMPLING DATE: Monday, 7/16/01 CURRENT WEATHER CONDITIONS : Scattered clouds, light breeze RECENT WEATHER CONDITIONS: Unseasonably cool. No significant rain since 6/20 (1.08") and 6/17 (2.14"). 0.23" on 7/4 and 0.15" on 7/9/01. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE: Approx. 80° F READINGS BY: Sigrun Gadwa SAMPLING SITE COLL. pH TEMP. D.O. REDOX COND. LOCATION CODE TIME (C) (mg/1) (mV) (us/cm) Wetland nit (Central Pool, end o airway 1 ), near Flag E2, in proposed canopy cut area W-E 5:15 PM 6.37 23.1 1.52 33.1 129 Wetland nit pool, near Brookfield RoadT just upstream of above crossing), near Flag H 5 W-H 7:35 PM 6.02 21.0 0.93 63.4 44 Wetland nit pool, east of Fairway 10), near Flag J 18 W-J 4:20 PM 4.22 1 21.7 2.26 1 152.7 50 et an Unit (Po dunk iver, impounded, just upstream of above crossing), near Flag Q 31 W-Q 17:20 PM 8.80 23.2 1 16.02 1 -106.0 1 292 Note: Readings taken with hand-held portable meters:YSI 55 DO meter, Hanna HI 9023 pH meter, & Hanna HI 9033 conductivity meter; meters calibrated on day of use. Samples taken in water at least five inches deep, moving towards pool center from referenced flag number. Rema Ecological Services, LLC, Manchester, CT AMMMMM South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 18 hummocks (above sediment deposits) and many of the emergent plant species are annuals that germinate each year on fresh sediment. In our professional judgment, water quality impacts are unlikely to diminish aquatic habitat or wildlife habitat functions, provided'effective sedimentation and erosion controls are used during construction, and provided a sound turf management plan minimizes chemical application. There is also potential for indirect impacts from reduction of wooded buffer widths on the east shore of both Wetland Unit O and Wetland Unit G. Fairway #1 will extend into the 80 foot wide regulated upland review area of this wetland. The "green" portion of the fairway will overlook the shrub swamp, with a proposed buffer width of less than 20 feet for a 250-foot stretch of shoreline. The west end of Fairway #10 leaves a 10-foot to 30-foot wide wooded strip along a 170-foot wide section of Wetland Unit G. However, over 80-foot wide buffers will remain along the remainder of the east shore of Wetland Unit G and on the west shore of Wetland Units O and G. These reductions of wooded buffer widths are unlikely to have a substantial impact on wetland wildlife habitat function because, with the exception of green heron that was observed nesting in the vicinity, none of the wildlife species observed or expected in this wetland system are considered sensitive to human disturbance. They thrive in narrow wetland buffer areas. There will be sufficient undisturbed wooded buffer on the upland island in Wetland Unit G to provide a protected nesting area for green heron. Wildlife using this wetland system makes use primarily of food sources that occur within the wetland,rather than in the adjacent hardwood forest. Flood storage function will not be altered, as the wetland will not be filled. Aesthetic, recreational, and educational values will increase because more people will have opportunities to view, walk along, or investigate this wetland system. The two areas with reduced buffer widths will improve views of wetlands and access for potential recreational or educational use. 1.2.2.1.2 Northeastern Tributary Wetlands(Wetland Units B and D) This intermittent stream corridor consists of several discrete sections. Wetland Unit B is the northern roughly 1000-foot stretch that gradually increases from 10 to 15 feet in width to 40 to 50 feet in width. Next comes the central 500-foot long non jurisdictional drainage feature (a surface drainage swale) and a road crossing with a culvert. The lower southwestern stretch, Wetland Unit D, is associated with a broad swath of forested wetland, 18 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 19 250-feet wide at the maximum. Refer to Wetland Data Forms B and D for detailed information on this system. Wetland Unit B is at the bottom of a stream valley with steep, wooded slopes, about 20 feet lower than the level fields to the northwest. Proceeding downstream, the elevation differential decreases, and Wetland Unit D is set only about ten feet lower than the field to the north and four feet lower than the forest to the south. The wooded buffer averages about 100 feet wide to the west of Wetland Unit B. Between Wetland Unit B and the high density subdivision to the west the buffer is 200 feet to 300 feet wide. On the south side of the downstream Wetland Unit D, are very variable buffer ranges from 0 feet to 100 feet wide. On the east side brush hogging by the field encroaches into the wetland. A minimum 350-foot wide forested buffer lies to the south of Wetland D. Wetland Unit B Dry at the time of the July survey but with some minimal flows during late May and June visits, the watercourse appears to have the flashy hydrology typical of a stream with an urbanized watershed: flooding after storms and reduced baseflow, due to reduced groundwater recharge by infiltration. A large subdivision with over 100 units is located immediately upstream of the site to the west of Graham Road. The wetland's cover type classification includes both forested wetland and emergent wetland. The narrow upper stretch flows through closed canopy forest. Banks are severely eroded and the stream is bordered mostly by non-hydrophytic trees (sugar maples, Acer saccharum) and herb and shrub cover consists of very sparse jewelweed. The stream becomes increasingly deeply incised, to over six feet, even reaching the underlying reddish, rocky till. It then broadens into a floodway with extensive, thick sand deposits, a braided channel, and low tree cover consisting of widely spaced silver maples (Acer saccharinum), red maple (Acer saccharum) and cottonwood (Populus deltoides). Treefalls are common. The dense herb stratum consists almost entirely of jewelweed (Impatiens capensis), an annual able to germinate each year on fresh sediment deposits. Perennial herbs are almost absent. Wetlands by the stream are supported both by a seasonally high groundwater table (reduced by recent urbanization) and by over-bank flow from the stream; they fit into two hydrogeomorphic classes: groundwater slope and surface water slope. This is a severely impaired watercourse stretch. 19 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 20 Non-Jurisdictional Drainage Swale This non jurisdictional, surface water swale was not deemed to be an intermittent watercourse because it does not meet several of the criteria outlined in the State Statutes. Basically, it is not driven by groundwater flows, but rather by only surface flows during intense storm events. The swale will be piped under Fairway 18. In this area baseflow infiltrates into the sandy soil and the stream that forms in the upper section of wetlands "disappears" except during and after storm events. Brush hogging has altered vegetation in this area. It is less than two feet in height; dominant species are multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), grape (Vitis spp.), pokeweed (Phytolacca americana), goldenrods (Solidago spp.), and poison ivy (Toxidendron radicans). Its cover type is classified as "edge/meadow," Upland Cover Type U2, to.be described in a subsequent section. If the pipe is perforated and not at a significant pitch, water may continue to infiltrate into the ground in this area, recharging the groundwater table. Wetland Unit D Although it was not flowing in early July, soils were saturated throughout much of this densely vegetated forested wetland. Dominant species throughout most of the wetland include red maple (Acer rubrum), elm (Ulmus spp.), arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum), skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus), and sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis). Several vines, grapes (Vitis spp.) and wild yam (Dioscorea villosa), are also abundant. Surface flows have infiltrated into the ground upgradient, and groundwater contributes more, relative to floodwaters, to wetland hydrology, than in the upper portion of this system (Wetland Unit B). There is much less bank scour. Species diversity is much higher than in Wetland B, and rates of sediment deposition appear to be significantly lower. In this wetland unit, brush hogging, agricultural siltation, and invasive plants, rather than stream hydrology, are sources of current impairment. These problems occur along the southern and eastern perimeter of the wetland, where the field directly abuts the wetland. Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) and common reed (Phragmites australis) are dominant species in these disturbed areas. Sprouts of wetland shrubs such as spicebush are also present. The cover type for the part of the upper end of Wetland D is shrub swamp,rather than forest. 20 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission LIN Mob RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 21 Proposed Canopy Cut Areas Two direct impact areas are proposed for Wetland Unit D. An approximately 0.06 acre canopy cut for Fairway #14 is proposed at the disturbed upper, eastern end of this wetland, described in the previous section. The cut would avoid a 22-inch diameter black cherry located 12 feet west of Wetland Flag D-82. A second slightly larger (about 0.2 acres) canopy cut would accommodate the green end of Fairway #13. The outer portion of the impact area consists of wetland consists of wetland disturbed by brushogging, invasive plants, and sediment deposition. The inner portion of both canopy cut areas are predominantly dense shrubs that would persist at a lower stature, maintaining wetland function. Maple trees to be lost are predominately about 10-inches to 12-inches in diameter. 1.2.2.1.2 Depressional Wetlands (Wetland Units E through R) This final group of wetland units consists of depressions located in the southern portion of the site. As described above in the geology and soils section, they formed when buried iceblocks melted during the latest glacial retreat. Direct impacts are proposed on three of these wetlands: canopy cuts in W-E and W-N and filling of a pocket depression, W-Q. Eleven depressional (11) wetlands on the site range in size from less than 0.01 acres to about 0.6 acres, and several other pockets are less than ten feet in diameter, too small to delineate. One pool, W-H, is located west of the river thirty feet from Brookfield Road. The others are clustered to the east of the river and south of the northeastern tributary system. This cluster extends off-site to the south, adjacent to a wooded red maple swamp. Off-site depressions were delineated with the "K" and "I" flag series, but not characterized in detail, except to note that they conformed to the pattern in the rest of the group. (In some cases groups of pools were delineated as a single Wetland Unit, e.g. Wetland Unit M). Wetland Data Forms are appended to the report. All these wetlands are fed by groundwater and precipitation rather than surface runoff, and are classified as "groundwater depression" wetlands, but hydrologic regimes vary. They retain water because they are underlain by soils in the Whately and Elmwood series, with silt loam and clay loam horizons of low permeability, but the duration of flooding is widely variable. Semi-permanent flooding occurs in the two largest pools, in W-E, in the northeastern end of the cluster (where a partial canopy cut is proposed) and in Wetland J, in 21 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 22 tw__,4�7_ the southwestern part, and also in W-H, near Brookfield Road. Golet et al. (1993) define this hydrologic regime as follows: Surface water persists throughout the growing season in most years. When surface water is absent, the water table is usually at or very near the land surface. All other pools are seasonally flooded and lacked standing water on July 16, 2001. A "seasonally flooded"hydrologic regime, defined by Golet et al. (1993) as: Surface water is present for extended periods, especially early in the growing season, but is absent by the end of the season in most years. When surface water is absent, the water table is often near the land surface. Seasonal flooding of relatively long duration (through early July) occurred in W-E and W- R and in one small pool in Wetland Unit M. W-E had an average water depth of 10-15 inches on July 1" and 18-24 during the June site visits; W-R averaged 10 inches deep on July 1st, 2001. A dark, organic-enriched horizon has developed at the bottom of both these pools; it is almost three feet thick in Pool N, where a canopy cut is proposed. Other depressions such as W-P and W-Q, the only wetland proposed to be filled, retain water for shorter time periods; stained leaf-litter and lack of vegetation in the bottoms of depressions indicate seasonal flooding, but they were dry by July V. (Note that due to recent heavy rainfall water depth observations on June 18th could not be used to assess hydrologic regime). Two types of vegetation structure, pool configuration, and microtopography are found in these wetlands, corresponding to wetland hydrology. Different sets of wildlife and aquatic fauna use these two categories of pools. Seasonally flooded wetlands The first pool category is seasonally flooded pools. These are devoid of vegetation in the central portion of the pool, but are vegetated on the perimeter; with variable percent canopy cover (over 80% to 30%) depending on pool size and tree heights. Depressions are generally symmetrical and oval-shaped, with short (under six feet) moderately sloping side- slopes. The bottoms of the depressions are nearly level, without hummocks or rises, although cover objects (branches, twigs, and/or logs) are present. Sizable logs and snags occur in or near several pools, W-P and W-R in particular, adding to wildlife habitat value. 22 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 23 The same small group of plant species is dominant throughout the system. Red maple(Acer rubrum) is the dominant tree along with tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) is the dominant shrub, and cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) is dominant on the pool perimeter, sometimes accompanied by royal fern (Osmunda regalis). Shrub and herb density is moderate to low around most pools, dense around W-R. Additional shrub species were sometimes present: winterberry (Ilex verticillata), witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), chokeberry (Aronia spp.), and swamp azalea(Rhododendron viscosum). In a few of the depressions, such as W-P, the tree stratum included evergreens, hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) or white pine (Pinus strobus). Non- hydrophytic herbs grow at the edges of the smallest pools, with the driest hydrology. For example, the herb stratum of the margin of the pocket depression, W-Q (the only wetland proposed to be filled) includes bellflower (Uvularia sessifolia) and partridgeberry (Mitchella repens). The wildlife and aquatic life observed in this category of pool was limited to several aquatic beetles in W-R and W-N (found by dip netting). In W-N, an impact area (to be canopy-cut for Fairway 10), dip netting on July yielded beetles and snails, and a green frog and an adult bullfrog were observed. A mammal den is located between W-N and W-P. In 2001 duration of inundation would not have been long enough in any of these wetlands for completion of the aquatic life stages of vernal pool amphibians such as wood frogs and spotted salamanders. It is not expected that the hydroperiod is significantly different year to year. Thicket songbirds were not observed nesting on pool perimeters, perhaps because shrub density is much lower than in nearby floodplain wetlands. Forest songbirds such as red-eyed vireo and wood thrush were heard in the canopy, foraging above these wetlands as well as in adjacent uplands. The lack of emergent shrubs or herbaceous plants limits their suitability for amphibians with relatively short life cycles, such as spring peeper. No fauna of any sort was noted in W-Q, a proposed impact area. This very small (20' by 15') depression is at the western edge of the cluster, which is to be filled for Fairway#10. Impact Areas Q and N The loss of wetland function from filling Wetland Q will be negligible. A canopy cut over Wetland N will certainly change the vegetation community; perimeter shrub growth will become denser, and additional species such as arrowwood are likely to colonize the area. With more light, annual herbs able to complete life cycles in a short time period are expected to colonize the middle of the pool during the latter part of the growing season in 23 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission Mp RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 .k Page 24 dry years. The wetland will continue to provide green frog habitat and habitat for aquatic insects (frogs presumably move over to Wetland J after pools dry up). Care will take to prevent an increase in nutrient inputs, which would result in excessive algal growth. Semi permanently flooded wetlands The second category of depressional wetland includes the three semi-permanently flooded pools, W- H (near Brookfield Rd), Pool J and Pool E (to be partially canopy cut). These have emergent vegetation as well as pool perimeter vegetation. Swamp loosestrife (Decodon verticillatus) is the dominant emergent plant in each of these wetlands, growing in the parts of pools where light levels are highest. W-H and W-E also include patches of the emergent aquatic shrub, buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis). Density and diversity of the shrub stratum is significantly higher than in the seasonally flooded pools. Blueberry is still dominant, but more of the other species listed above are present. Pool structure is more complex than in the first category, due to the emergent vegetation, and also, in W-N and W-E, because trees and shrubs are rooted on hummocks and islands within the pool, as well as on the pool perimeter. Diversity and abundance of wildlife and aquatic life was higher in the semi-permanently flooded depressions than in the seasonally flooded group; greater density and complexity of vegetation and the longer hydroperiod increase the number of species they can support. Impact Area E The fauna in Wetland E, a proposed direct impact area, will be described in detail. The applicant proposed to cut the canopy of the western third of this wetland to accommodate .part of Hole #10. Green frogs were observed on all site visits. Dip-netting yielded fingernail clams, snails, water boatmen, Gyrinidae beetles, and many odonate (dragonfly and damselfly) nymphs. A single ambystomid salamander larvae, stressed from recent sedimentation during a 4.5"+ storm, was also netted on June 18`h, but none were found on July 2nd. Birds observed included chickadees and a common yellowthroat, and a wood thrush was heard in the vicinity. The quality of the aquatic habitat in this pool has recently been impaired by a massive release of farmland sediment into W-E in the spring and summer of 2001. The pool was highly turbid on June 18th, and sediment deposits several inches thick were noted throughout much of the east side of the pool. Foliage bleaching was also noted, a sign of herbicide contamination. Water quality testing showed elevated pH and conductivity (See Table 2). Auger probing showed that this has not been an 24 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 25 ongoing problem; a thin layer of recent mineral sediment covered a thick layer of dark, mucky substrate. This problem will be corrected, in conjunction with the proposed project. Since emergent vegetation, an important structural component of this wetland, is better developed under well-lit conditions, it is anticipated that a partial canopy cut will actually improve habitat quality in this wetland. The stumps of trees that are cut will become substrate for vegetation rooted at a higher level, adding to structural complexity. Mature trees on the north, south, and east sides of the pool will continue to cast considerable shade. Impacts on all the depressional wetlands relating to loss of forest setback areas are discussed in a later report section on Upland Cover Type 3, Mixed Hardwood Forest. 1.3 FUNCTIONS AND VALUES& POTENTIAL IMPACTS The floodwater storage function is highest for the floodplain wetlands (W-O and W-G). It is also significant for the mid and lower parts of the northeastern tributary (W-B and W-D), after the stream channel broadens. The depressional wetlands also trap rainwater, with quantities depending on pool size, but because the depressions are located in level areas, the pools do not significantly reduce runoff volumes. The wetlands do not recharge a water supply for human use, so that function is not present, even though potential for water supply is there. The impervious silt loam and cay loam horizons on the site interfere with groundwater recharge. The nutrient and pollutant removal function/value varies among the wetland groups. For the floodplain wetlands (W-O and W-G) and for Wetland Unit D it is high; the wetlands' mucky and/or fine textured substrate and luxuriant vegetation, take up many nutrients and pollutants. Muck and silt loam in the depressional wetlands also have the capacity to take up pollutants, but vegetation in most of the pools is sparse or absent. This function is moderate only in the semi-permanent pools W-E and W-J, with emergent vegetation and shrubs and trees on hummocks, while it is low in the others. The fact that aquatic ecosystems in isolated pools are very sensitive to pollution and sediment inputs reduces this function/value for this entire wetland group. Opportunity for this function/value is currently high due to the adjacent farmland landuse and the developed upper watershed. The level of aquatic habitat function is likely only moderate in the floodplain wetlands (W- O and W-G), due to some water quality impairment, but the presence of kingfisher and 25 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 26 green heron indicates that it is a productive ecosystem. It is low in the intermittent stream (W-B and W-D), due to the seasonal nature of flow. In the group of depressional wetlands aquatic habitat function is mostly low, moderate in W-E, based on results of dip netting in June and early July. Wetland E supports green frogs and most support several types of aquatic invertebrates. The smaller pools which dry up in early summer do not have long enough inundation to support many kinds of aquatic invertebrates, as well as vernal pool- type amphibians. Wildlife habitat function is rated moderate-high in the Podunk river floodplain wetlands (W-O and W-G), low in the upper northeastern tributary (W-B), moderate in the lower northeastern tributary(W-D), and low to moderate in the depressional wetlands. The rating for the Podunk River floodplain is based on the relatively large number of species observed during a low intensity wildlife survey and habitat characteristics: high species and structural diversity, dense cover for nesting, presence of open water and marsh, and good interspersion of wetland cover types, and abundance of insects. The wetland provides excellent songbird nesting cover and insect-gleaning habitat, foraging opportunities for fish- eating birds (green heron and kingfisher), and abundant fall fruits for migrating birds. Conversely, limited wildlife observations and low vegetation diversity and lack of structural complexity result in a low rating for the upper section of the northeastern tributary, Wetland Unit B. Since obligate vernal pool species appear to be absent from all the depressional wetlands, based on the results of intensive dip netting in June and July, none receive a high rating for wildlife support function. However, three receive a moderate rating. W-E and W-J have the most complex structure, including emergent vegetation, and semi-permanent inundation. W-R has especially dense perimeter shrubs, mature, large diameter trees in the vicinity including a hemlock with a 24" diameter at breast height (DBH). It includes an unusual habitat component, a three-foot diameter log, and a mammal den is nearby. Ecological integrity is moderate to high in the floodplain wetlands (W-O and W-G)because the wetland system is well buffered by forest, although it is not part of a sizable forest block, and because of the wetland's large size and linkage to upriver and downriver wetlands. The northeastern tributary wetlands (W-B and W-D) have a moderate degree of ecological integrity. W-B has wide forested buffers, and W-D is connected to a larger forested system to the east and to the Podunk River wetlands. Ecological integrity is rated low for the depressional wetlands as a group because the area of upland forest that adjoins 26 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission AMAAM RE:Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course July 20,2001 Page 27 and surrounds them is too small to support the terrestrial stages of vernal pool amphibians in adequately large numbers for long-term population viability. The Podunk River wetlands provide a moderate level of consumptive and non-consumptive recreational values, aesthetic values and potential educational value. Some fishing activity was observed and the pond is deep enough to be used for rowing or canoeing. However, most of the wetland system is poorly suited to passive recreation, because access and travel ease within it is very difficult due to the very poorly drained conditions and the dense vegetation. Likewise the pond and nearby shrub swamp scenery, with bright fall colors, is enjoyed by fisherman and farm workers from the roadway crossing, but other attractive portions of the wetland are inaccessible. The site is not currently used for educational purposes, but students could learn wetland ecology - about floodplains, shrub swamps, riparian buffers, and ponds in the vicinity of the wetland crossing. Human use wetland values are mostly low for the northeastern wetlands (W-B and W-D). Neither are scenic and Wetland Unit D is too dense to be suitable for passive recreation or nature education. Wetland Unit B is also difficult to reach due to multiflora rose in buffer areas. However, the educational value of W-B is rated moderate because it could serve to demonstrate a stream impaired by suburbanization. Please contact me at my office if you have any questions on the above or are in need of further assistance. Respectfully submitted, REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC George T. Logan, MS Certified Wildlife Biologist Certified Professional Wetland Scientist(No. 581) VIA HAND DELIVERY Attachments: On-Site Soil Investigation Report,Wetland Forms 27 r PIP • � .a'; tt " {$►�*`�4"', :''. .�a�� fi .. a. � `�. �,p��I1 �of sw r�t bI p�� fir^ •'r`s� �¢�'�� �q, `��,.�"`'�'�__ '^/f� ,�: � '•I�t� t „�¢-a�-.air '� :} Il I f y�.�' per_ �•'.■ gaty - �. l 1{10 q - � q ��Ry (~'► V ¢S�C .�i'1 � 1./ - k z ` llt lk � •� za �t�. t t.�1 1�� 4i a 111JJJ �' _� 3 � FiYY^i++ £• 1f h "�Y_ `�_JE7r. ;�' ��L r-'�ro.4�• � ,�1'������-��d^i+ fail 9r�lrlg�)Y�f,'L1��.f WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-B Date: 7/3,7/13,7-16-01 Investigator: G.Logan, 5.G,adwa Golet: W5 -1 Deciduous wooded Swamp, M-1 Ungrazed meadow NWI: FF051 Falustrine forested Swamp, br.lfd deciduous; PEM2 Non-persistent emergent marsh Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density: Low/Moderate/High Density: Low/Moderate/High Density: Low/Moderate/Hiah Acer rubrum Rosa multiflora Impatiens capensis (dominant) Acer saccarinum Cornus amomum Arisaema atrovirens (occasional) Ulmus rubra Vitis labrusca &V. riparia (along jurisd.Watercourse) Ulmus americana Viburnum dentatum 5olidago rugosa Populus deltoides Berberis thunbergii (occasional) Onoclea sensibilis Lonicera morowii (occasional) Fhytolacca americans Lindera benzoin (edges) aYQ s$ Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ❑ Surface Water Slope: ® Groundwater Slope: ❑ af �2er " Seasonally Flooded: ® Temporarily Flooded: Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ soap os=f Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ® Lowslope: ❑ Bottomland: ❑ S tea5,10Outwash: Alluvial: Red Till: ❑ Till: Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ 'a Sig Poorly Drained: ® Very Poorly Drained: ❑ Somewhat Poorly Drained: Moderately Well Drained: ❑ 0' None: LJ Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: E branches,logs Yes: ❑ No: Perhaps: ❑ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ® Isolated:logo= ❑ Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ < '- 1 0' : 100'-200': >200' :❑5• . � 5• • � � Disturbed: 5% Wooded: 70% Shrub Thicket: 10% Open Field: 15%Open water:0% Urban/Suburban:0% This upper portion of the wetland corridor along a Fodunk River tributary from the NE is at the bottom of a Swale with Steep wooded slopes. Fields are to the northwest,woods to the southeast. 5tressed by extreme water level fluctuations and thick Sediment deposition; upper portion deeply incised& underlying till exposed. Lower part is a broad,Sand-covered floodway.Very low herb stratum diversity. An annual,jewelweed,overwhelmingly dominant. Lower 200 feet become jursdictional watercourse;this area was brushed-hogged; pokeweed,multiflora, &grapes dominant. Ruined tobacco barns on 5E&W side. Wooded buffers average 50 feet to the NW. Infestations of invasives (multiflora&burning bush) in buffer. Rema Ecological Services,LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-D Date: 6/18,7/1,7/3,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan Golet: W5-1 Deciduous wooded swamp 55-2 Bushy Shrub swamp NWI: PF01 Palustrine forested swamp, br.lfd deciduous;P551 Palustrine shrub swamp,br. If. decid. Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density: Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Density.Low/Moderate /High Acer rubrum Viburnum dentatum Osmunda cinnamomea (edge) Ulmus americana Corpus amomum 5ymplocarpus foetidus Ulmus rubra Alnus rugosa Onoclea sensibilis Populus deltoides (on perimeter) Ilex verticillata Impatiens capensis Dioscorea villosa Boemeria cylindrica Viti$ labrusca &V. riparia Pilea pumila Rosa mulitflora Phragmites australis (5W corner) t Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ❑ Surface Water Slope: Groundwater Slope: ❑ ` t Seasonally Flooded: ® Temporarily Flooded: Seasonally Saturated: ® Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ s"M %fioi Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: Bottomland: Outwash: Alluvial: Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ MEN TM Poorly Drained: ® Very Poorly Drained: ❑ F. Somewhat Poorly Drained: ❑ Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: branches Yes: ❑ No: Perhaps: ❑ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: ❑ Via Perennial Watercourse: <50' : ■ 50'- 100': ❑ 100'-200':❑ >200':❑ Disturbed:3% Wooded: 40% Shrub Thicket: 20% Open Field: 35%Open water:2% Urban/Suburban:0% This lower portion of the wetland along an intermittent Podunk River tributary from the NE, is bordered by fields to the north,west,and east,and woodland and a wood road to the south. Somewhat stressed by wide water level fluctuations and sediment deposition. 5hrub density very high in center. Parts of southern perimeter were brushed-hogged and covered by agricultural sediment. Invasive species along field edges include multiflora rose& in 5W corner, Phragmites. Eastern edge by upland woods has diverse herb stratum. Several dead elms.Woodroad crosses north end. Heard gold finch&song sparrow. Noted white wash&egg shells under green heron nest platform, near wood road,300 ft.from W.end. Rema Ecological Services, LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 0 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-E Date: 6/18,7-1,7-2,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan W. Golet:W51 Wooded Swamp, broad-If.deciduous; 5M1 Shallow marsh NWI: f F01 Palustrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous;PEMI paluotrine emergent persistent Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density: Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Density: Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum Viburnum dentatum (edge) 05munda cinnamomea (edge) Nyssa sylvatica Cornus amomum (edge) 5ymplocarpus foetidus (inside) Cephalanthus occidentalis Decodon verticillatus (inside) Populus deltoides,3'dbh (inside) Bidens frondosa (inside) (speciman tree E. of W. Flag E-2) Vaccinium corymbosum a Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ■ Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ mpg; Seasonally Flooded: ❑ Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ■ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ ids `Poi % Zy Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ■ Lowslope: ❑ Bottomland: ❑ ' = Outwash: ❑® Alluvial: Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ Poorly Drained: ■ Very Poorly Drained: ■ Somewhat Poorly Drained: ■ Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: ■logy Yes: ❑ �.� No: ❑ Perhaps: ■ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ■ Isolated: ❑ Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50' : ■ 50'-100'❑ 100'-2000 >200'__ Disturbed: Wooded: 55% Shrub Thicket: 10% min= Open Field: 33%Open water:2% Urban/Suburban: 0% Approx.0.2 acre pool drains to 5. Bordered by forest on 3 sides, field begins 30'to E. 5. end mostly open (30%cover), N.end shaded (60%cover). Much Sediment from adjacent field in pool. Fauna: saw greenfrogs. Intensive dipnetting:1 ambystomid on 6115& fingernail clams, boatmen,snails, odonate larvae(damselflies/dragonflies) and beetle larvae, including gyrinidae caught. Heard yellow throat, woodthrush,&chickadee. Some water on July 16,2001, <6"deep; 50%dewatered. Strongly buttressed roots. Veg. suggests semi-permanent inundation. Low D.O. (1.52 mg/1) normal for a forested pool in summer. pH at 6.02&specific conductivity at 129u5/cm are mod high,consistent with pollution (sediment) inputs. Foliage bleaching noted on herbs and shrubs,perhaps effects of herbicides in sediment. Only 3-4 acres of contiguous upland forested habitat for terrestrial stages of potential vernal pool species. Rema Ecological Services,LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 01513SWN1 Town: South Windsor W-G Date: 7/3/01,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan Golet: 55-1 Sapling shrub swamp and 55-2 bushy shrub swamp; 5M-3 Broad -leaved Shallow marsh; W51 Wooded swamp, broad-leaved deciduous NWI: PF551 Paluotrine shrub swamp, broad-leaved deciduous; FEMI paluotrine emergent, persistent PF01 Paluotrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous Trees/Sapiings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High' Density: Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum Lindera bezoin (edge only) Impatiens capenoio Ulmuo americans Cornuo amomum 5ymplocarpus foetiduo UlmuS rubra Alnuo rugooa Onoclea senoibilis Populuo deltoideo (on perimeter) Viburnum dentatum Carex otricta Carex lacuotris ' In wooded cover types only Polygonum arifolium Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ❑ Surface Water Slope: ■ Groundwater Slope: ❑ e ; Seasonally Flooded: ❑ Temporarily Flooded: ■ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ■ Saturated: ❑ c osfis n' � Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: ❑ Bottomland: ■ e�� 3 Outwash: ❑ Alluvial: ■ Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ Poorly Drained: ❑ Very Poorly Drained: ■ Somewhat Poorly Drained: ❑ Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: EJ Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: ■hummocks,logs a Yes: ❑ No: ■ Perhaps: ❑ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: ❑ Via Perennial Watercourse: ■ <50': ■ 50'- 100' : ❑ 100'-200' :❑ >200':❑ OBEIMDisturbed:5% Wooded: 25% Shrub Thicket: 15% pen Field: 50%Open water: 5% Urban/Suburban: 0% fiIIIIIJIMThis southern portion of the Podunk floodplain wetlands is downstream of road crossing & flow constriction, and only the river channel was inundated during inspections. Irregular,well developed microtopography includes sedge tussocks and islands on former tree otumps.1/2 acre emergent marsh in NE part with floodplain annuals& marsh perennials.Wetland contains large upland island. Flooding of at least 1 'based on tussock heights. Wooded part io mosaic of shrub swamp, sapling swamp&wooded swamp. Denser woody cover&less die back than in northern impounded area. Saw green frogs&heard song sparrow. Rema Ecologicai Services,LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-H Date: 7-16-01 Investigator: 5igrum Gadwa Golet:W51 Wooded swamp, brAvd deciduous;OW-1 open water,vegetated �NWI: PF01 Paluotrine,forested,broad-leaved deciduous; POW paluotrine open water Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate'/High 2 Density. Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum Viburnum dentatum (edge)' Lemma minor(in pool) Cornus amomum (edge) ' Dryopterio opinulooa (edge) Quercuo alba (overhanging) Cephalanthuo occidentalio 2 5ymplocarpus foetiduo (edge) (inside) Impatiens capenois (N. edge) Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ Seasonally Flooded: ❑ Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ■ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ® Lowslope: ❑ Bottomland: ❑ Outwash: ® Alluvial: ❑ Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ Poorly Drained: ® Very Poorly Drained: Somewhat Poorly Drained: Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: Few: ❑ Some: ® logo,hummocks Many: ❑ Yes: ❑ No: ❑ Perhaps: E MVVia Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: 0 ia Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50' : N 50'- 100'❑ 100'-200'N >200':❑ Disturbed: Wooded: 25% Shrub Thicket: 10% Open Field: 55%Open water:0% Urban/Suburban: 10% Approx.0.15 acre pool is bordered by dense trees and Shrubs on three sides,open field to north. Road 30 feet to west.Sediment from adjacent field does not appear to have reached pool. Contained water on July 16,2001,with a 10 foot wide drawdown zone.Observed greenfrogo. Buttonbuoh suggests semi-permanent inundation. Low D.O. (2.26 mg/I)normal for a forested pool in summer. pH neutral (6.02)and specific conductivity io low(50 u5/cm),not indicating signficant pollution inputs. Just over an acre of contiguous forested habitat for terrestrial stages of potential vernal pool species. Rema Ecological Services,LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: 5outh Windsor W-J Date: 6/18,7-1,7-2,7-16-01 Investigators:G.Logan &5.Gadwa Golet:W51 Wooded swamp,broad-leaved deciduous; OW open water NWI: PF01 Palustrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous; POW palustrine open water Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: ■ Herbs: Density: Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum Vaccinium corymbosum Decodon verticillatus (inside in Nyssa sylvatica Ilex verticillata well- lit areas) Cephalanthus occidentalis Osmunda cinnamomea (edges) Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ Seasonally Flooded: ❑ Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ s Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: N Bottomland: ❑ : Outwash: ® Alluvial: ❑ Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ f Poorly Drained: Very Poorly Drained: Somewhat Poorly Drained: Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: U Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: logs,hummocks Yes: ❑ No: ❑ Perhaps: Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50' : ■ 50'- 100'❑ 100'-2000 >200' :❑ Disturbed: Wooded: 55% Shrub Thicket: 10% Open Field: 35%Open water:0% Urban/Suburban: 0% Approx.0.6 acre pool contains hummocks and small islands supporting trees and shrubs. Sediment from adjacent field does not appear to have reached pool. 5till contained up to 8 inches water on July 16,2001,though many sections dry.Observed greenfrogs on 7-16. Dipnetted on 64&7-1;caught only beetle larvae (Gyrinidae). Meter data normal for a forested pool in summer: low dissolved oxygen (2.26) low pH (4.22)and low specific conductivity(50 u5/cm),not indicating pollution inputs. Heard ovenbird. Only 3-4 acres of contiguous forested habitat for terrestrial stages of potential vernal pool Species. Rema Ecological Services, LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor M Date: 6/18, 7-1,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan Golet: W51 Wooded Swamp, broad-leaved deciduous NWI: PF01 Palustrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density: Low/Moderate' /High 2 Density: Low/Moderate/High Density. Low' /Moderate 2/High Acer rubrum Vaccinium corymbosum (dom) 20smund. cinnamomea (dom,edge) Nyssa sylvatica White pine saplings 2 Osmunda regalis Pinus strobus Ilex verticillata ' eastern depression Rhodedendron viscosum in middle (only edges vegetated) 2 western depression (shrubs on depression edges only) Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ■ Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ Seasonally Flooded: Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: Bottomland: ❑ f'iraal.� c Outwash: ® Alluvial: ❑ Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ x Poorly Drained: ® Very Poorly Drained: Somewhat Poorly Drained: Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: ■loge,branchee,twige Yes: ❑ No: Perhaps: ❑ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50': ❑ 50'- 100' : 100'-200'❑ >200' :❑ Disturbed: 5% Wooded: 80% Shrub Thicket: 10% Open Field: 0%Open water:5% Urban/Suburban:0% Three adjacent depressions form a"C"shaped wetland unit, less than 0.2 acres in area. Largest eastern pool ringed by bigger trees (to 16"dbh),with 00%cover. 85%cover in western pools. fools almost dry (1-2"in 3 sd.foot wet area) on on 7/2,dry on 7/16/01. More,covered loge in E.depr. Located in a 3-4 acre block of contiguous block of upland forest. Upland "island "within the"C" is dominated by tupelo,with a shrub stratum of white pine saplings,and cucumber root and bell flower in the herb layer. Too little water for dipnetting. No water at time of water duality sampling. Rema Ecological Services,LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-N Date: 6/18,7-1,7-2,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan Golet: W51 Wooded Swamp,broad-leaved deciduous NWI. F F01 Falustrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density. Low/Moderate/ High Density: Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum (dom) Vaccinium corymbooum (dom) Osmunda cinnamomea (edge) Nyssa sylvatica (also noted) Smilax rotundifolia (also noted) Osmunda regalis(also noted) Quecus Opp. upslope Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: P P Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ Seasonally Flooded: ® Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ a' Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: Bottomland: ❑ Outwash: ® Alluvial: ❑ Red Till:. ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ Poorly Drained: ® Very Poorly Drained: Somewhat Poorly Drained: ® Moderately Well Drained: ❑ 1011111111E None: Few: ❑ Some: ® small branches Many: ❑ Yes: ❑ No: ❑ Perhaps: Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50' : ❑ 50'- 100' : 100'-200' : ❑ >200' :❑ Disturbed: 7 Wooded: 80% Shrub Thicket: 10% Open Field: 0%Open water:3% Urban/Suburban:0% Approx.0.2 acre pool is ringed by trees,unvegetated in pool interior,30110 tree cover. Water was tea-colored on 7-2,no apparent pollution or Sediment sources. 12-15"deep on 7/2;dry on 7/16,2001,with free water at depth of 6". fool underlain by 2.75'of black muck &mucky Silt loam over gleyed silt loam. Located near the center of a 3-4 acre block of contiguous upland forest,a very Small habitat area for terrestrial stages of potential vernal pool species. Fauna: large bullfrog,green frog eggs,greenfrogs. Intensive dipnetting on 6-and 7-2 netted 2 Snails& beetle larvae,including gyrinidae. Den, perhaps fox,20 feet South of pool. Heard wood thrush. Rema Ecological Services, LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET O15135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-O Date: 7/3,7/13,7-16-01 Investigator:G.Logan&5.Gadwa Golet: 55-1.Sapling shrub swamp and 55-2 bushy shrub swamp OW-1-vegetated open water, W51 Wooded swamp,broad-leaved deciduous NWI: PF551 Paluotrine shrub swamp, broad-leaved deciduous; POW paluotrine open water FF01 Paluotrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum Lindera bezoin (edge only) Oomunda cinnamomea (edge) Ulmus americana Cornuo amomum Celaotruo orbiculatuo (edge) Ulmuo rubra Alnuo rugooa 5ymplocarpus foetidus Populuo deltoides (on perimeter) Viburnum dentatum Onoclea oenoibilis Dioocorea villosa Impatiens capenoio Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ❑ Surface Water Slope: ■ Groundwater Slope: ❑ e" Seasonally Flooded: ❑ Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ■ Permanently Flooded: ■ Saturated: ❑ 1u3, � Ridgetop: El Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: ❑ Bottomland: Outwash: ❑ Alluvial: ■ Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ ss Poorly Drained: ❑ Very Poorly Drained: ■ Somewhat Poorly Drained: ❑ Moderately Well Drained: ❑ None: LJ Few: ❑ Some: ❑ Many: ■logo,hummocks Yes: ❑ No: ■ Perhaps: ❑ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: ❑ Via Perennial Watercourse: ■ <50' : ■ 50'- 100' : ❑ 100'-200' :❑ >200' :❑ Disturbed: 5 Wooded: 60% Shrub Thicket: 15% Open Field: 18%Open water:2% Urban/Suburban:0% This northern portion of the Podunk Kiver floodplain wetlands io upstream of road crossing where flow is constricted,and floodplain wetlands are impounded:approx.1 acre pond isjuot N.of crossing,& inundated wooded/shrub/sapling swamp further north. Tree and shrub dieback noted, prob due to high water &dutch elm disease.Well-developed microtopography, mostly former logs and tree stumps. Many snags, logs. Approx.20%tree cover. Herb diversity highest on edges. Shallow water mostly within 15 feet of boundary. Water duality data: high pH (8.8);very high spec.cond. (292 u5/cm); high DO (16 mg/1)due to photosynthesis Observed bullfrog, muskrat, beaver sign, kingfisher,green heron,goldfinch,song sparrow,waxwings,&catbirds. Rerna Ecological Services, LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET 015135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-P Date: 6/18,7-1,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan Golet: W51 Wooded Swamp, broad-leaved deciduous NWI: PF01 Palustrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density. Low/Moderate/High Density: Low/Moderate/High Density: Low' /Moderate /High Pinus strobus Smilax rotundifolia 20smunda cinnamomea (dom,edge) Nyssa sylvatica Quercus saplings Lycopodium obscurum Maianthemum canandense in middle,only edge is vegetated Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ■ Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ e e Seasonally Flooded: ■ Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ 1jrqjfq��WIN" Ridgetop: ❑ Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: ■ Bottomland: ❑ a� �"`al�� ��� �"�x��� Outwash: ■ Alluvial: ❑ Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: Cl Fill: ❑ i , sa ky Poorly Drained: ■ Very Poorly Drained: ❑ Somewhat Poorly Drained: ■ Moderately Well Drained: ❑ El Few: Some: ■ maooive log Many: ❑ IEEEYes: ❑ No: ® Perhaps: ❑ Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: ■ Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50': ❑ 50'- 100' : ■ 100'-200'E] >200' :❑ Disturbed: 5 6 Wooded: 80 0 Shrub Thicket: 10 0 MONROE= Open Field: 0%Open water: 5% Urban/Suburban:0% Less than 0.1 acre depression,25'X 8', no vegetation in middle,80"1 tree cover. Massive white pine(3.5'dbh) overhangs wetland. Large hollow log on N.edge,Snag nearby. Pool dry on on 7/2 and on 7/10,2001. Maximum water depth of approximately one foot. Located near the center of a 3-4 acre block of contiguous block of upland forest a very small habitat area for terrestrial stages of potential vernal pool species. Burrow(fox?) nearby, between Wetland P and Wetland N. Deer scat noted. R.E.Vireo heard. Non hydrophytic herbs at edge of depression indicate short duration of flooding. Rema Ecological Services, LLC Revised:January 1999 WETLAND DATA SHEET O15135WN1 Town: South Windsor W-Q Date: 7-2,7-16-01 Investigator: 5.Gadwa,G.Logan Golet: W51 Wooded Swamp, broad-leaved deciduous NWI: NF01 Palustrine,forested, broad-leaved deciduous suffaffim Trees/Saplings: Shrubs/Vines: Herbs: Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Density. Low/Moderate/High Acer rubrum Vaccinium corymbocum Osmunda cinnamomea (dom,edge) Nyssa sylvatica Ilex verticillata Mitchella repens (also noted) Finus strobus sapling Livularia sessifolia (also noted) ss Surface Water Depression: ❑ Groundwater Depression: ■ Surface Water Slope: ❑ Groundwater Slope: ❑ e Seasonally Flooded: ■ Temporarily Flooded: ❑ Seasonally Saturated: ❑ Semi-permanently Flooded: ❑ Permanently Flooded: ❑ Saturated: ❑ �sY'oOWNS Rid eto : Upper Slope: ❑ Midslope: ❑ Lowslope: ■ Bottomland: ❑ a ''t r� � �, �sv :� Outwash: ■ Alluvial: ❑ ' Red Till: ❑ Till: ❑ Glaciolacustrine: ❑ Fill: ❑ ' ` Poorly Drained: Very Poorly Drained: e � Y ® rY Y ❑ Somewhat Poorly Drained: ■ Moderately Well Drained: ❑ T(YO-sla None: LJ El Some: ■ Small branches Many: ❑ o Yes: ❑ No: ® Perhaps: ❑ P Via Intermittent Watercourse: ❑ Isolated: ■ Via Perennial Watercourse: ❑ <50' : ❑ 50'- 100'■ 100'-200'0 >200': ❑ Disturbed: 5% Wooded: 80% Shrub Thicket: 10% Open Field: 0%Open water:5% Urban/Suburban: 0% Less than 0.1 acre pool is ringed by trees, no herbaceous veg.in middle,70%tree cover. 5ingle tree clump rooted within wetland lacks buttressed roots. Approx. 20'long by 15'wide. Pool dry on on 7/2 and on 7/16,2001. Maximum water depth of approximately one foot. Located near the center of a 3-4 acre block of contiguous block of upland forest a very small habitat area for terrestrial stages of potential vernal pool species. No fauna observed. Non hydrophytic herbs at edge of pool indicate short duration of flooding. Rema Ecological Services, LLC Revised:January 1999 " Y REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC REPORT DATE: July 3, 2001 19 Foster Street PAGE 1 OF 3 Manchester, CT PHONE: (860) 649-7362 ON-SITE SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT PROJECT NAME&SITE LOCATION: RES Job No.: 015135WN1 Proposed Willowbrook Golf Course Couroe Field Investigation Date(s): 5/01 &6101 Brookfield Street Field Investigation Method(s): South Windsor, Connecticut ® Spade and Auger ❑Backhoe Test Pits ❑ Other: REPORT PREPARED FOR: Field Conditions: R iris E. Hyyppa &Associates, Inc. Weather: Sunny 70's and 60's 124 Hebron Avenue Soil Moisture: moderate Glastonbury, CT 06033 Snow Depth: NZA Frost Depth: N/A Purpose of Investigation: ® Wetland Delineation/Flagging in Field ❑ Wetland Mapping on Sketch Plan or Topographic Plan ❑ High Intensity Soil Mapping by Soil Scientist ® Medium Intensity Soil Mapping from SCS Soil Survey Maps ❑ Other: Base Map Source: Haqrtford County Soil Survey(1 62) Wetland Boundary Marker Series: RE5-A-1 to RE5-A-74, RE5-15-1 to RE5-D-38, RF - -1 to R - - , RE5- D-1 to RE5-D-83. R - -1 to R 5-F-1. , R -1 -1 to R -1 - 6, RE5-F-1 to RE5-F-4, RE - -1 to R - G-45 RE5_ 1r-1 to RE5-1G-33, R -H-1 tn 12F. -H-11, R -1-1 to RE5- 1-22, R - -1 J-1 to R -1 - , RF -M-1 to RE5-M-25. RE5-N-1 to RE5-N-7,RE5-P-1 to RE5-P-4, RE5-0-1 to RE5-0-4, RE5-R-1 to KE5-K-9 and R 5-T-1 to KE07-1-256 General Site Description/Comments: The Site io located on the a id of Drookfi ld r , and consists of active agricultural fields, dirt roads and baths, maintained lawn areas, ant cemetery and forested upland and wetlands areas. The soils were identifi d primarily ao undisturbed Soil types. Disturbed upland soil lypec, were. observed associated with the dirt farm roads The mdi orb d ooilo were d riv d from alacinfluyal (i.e. Stratified sand and gravel) deposits and alluvial deposit depooito, The oil identified ao undioturbed "upland yp o" c otioiot of the excessively well-drained Manchester (MQ) and Pmwood (Fn) onil acdco and the anmewhat exceooiy Iy well drained Hartford (Hf) soil series The disturbed soils were identified as Udor hemto (1161) The" wetland-type" o�oils are comprised of poorly drained Walpole (Wd) soil series and the very poorly drained 5carboro (5e) and Saco (5 oil series. The "regulated are is ompris.d of the flnndnlain of the Pndunk River and ito associated wetland and wooded swamp areas and a number of isolated wetland wetlando located in the ou h rn po ion of the i 4 PAGE 2 OF 3 DATE: 7/3/01 ON-SITE SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT (CONTINUED) PROJECT NAME& SITE LOCATION: Pronooed Willowbrook Golf Course 5outh Windsor, CT SOIL MAP UNITS Wetland Soils Walpole Sandy loam (Wd). This Series consists of deep, poorly drained soils formed in Sandy water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are nearly level to gently Sloping Soils on glaciofluvial landforms,typically in Shallow drainage ways and low-lying positions on stream terraces and outwash plains. The soils formed in loamy over stratified sandy and gravelly outwash derived from a variety of acid rocks. Typically, these soils have a very dark brown sandy loam surface layer 6 inches thick. The Subsoil from 6 to 23 inches is mottled, grayish brown sandy loam. The Substratum from 23 to 60 inches is mottled, light brownish gray,gravelly loamy sand and gravelly sand. 5carboro loam (5e). This series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils formed in sandy water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are nearly level soils on glaciofluvial landforms, typically in low depressions and drainage ways of outwash plains and terraces. The soils formed in a loamy sand lying over stratified sandy and gravelly outwash derived from a variety of acid rocks. Typically these soils have a 9 inch black mucky peat or very dark brown mucky sandy loamy surface layer. The subsurface layer from 9 to 16 inches is gray loamy sand. The substratum from 16 to 60 inches is olive gray, grayish brown and light yellowish brown loamy sand, loamy fine sand and coarse sand. The substratum may be stratified. Saco silt loam (Sb). This series consists of deep,very poorly drained soils formed in coarse-silty,alluvial sediments. The soils are on low flood plains along streams and rivers and are frequently flooded. Saco soils formed in recent alluvium derived mainly from schist, gneiss or granite. Typically,the surface layer is very dark grayish brown mucky silt loam 6 inches thick. The substratum is dark gray and very dark gray silt loam to a depth of 60 inches or more. Upland Soils Hartford Sandy loam (Hf). The Hartford series consists of deep, somewhat excessively drained soils formed in a coarse-loamy mantle underlain by sandy water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are level to very steep soils on outwash plains and high stream terraces. The soils formed in loamy over stratified sandy and gravelly glacial outwash derived mainly from Triassic sandstone, shale, conglomerate and basalt. Typically these soils have a dark brown sandy loam surface layer 9 inches thick. The upper part of the subsoil from 9 to 16 inches is yellowish red sandy loam. The lower part of the subsoil from 16 to 24 inches is reddish brown loamy sand. The substratum from 24 to 60 inches is reddish brown gravelly stratified sand and gravel. projects\conn\01513SWN1\soi1report77.doc I V PAGE 3 OF 3 DATE: 713/01 ON-SITE SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT (CONTINUED) PROJECT NAME& SITE LOCATION: Pronooed Willowbrook Golf Course South Windsor, CT SOIL MAP UNITS Manchester gravely Sandy loam (Mg). This derieo consists of very deep,exrcooively drained soils formed in a Shallow, loamy Sand mantle underlain by gravelly Sand,water deposited glacial outwash materials. They are level to very Steep doild on outwadh plains, terraces, deltas, kameo and coker5. The Soi15 formed in loamy over Stratified Sandy and gravelly glacial outwash derived mainly from Triaooic 5andotone, Shale, conglomerate and basalt. Typically these Soils have a reddish brown gravelly Sandy loam Surface layer 6 inches thick. The oubooil layer from 6 to 16 inches id yellowish red gravelly Sandy loam. The substratum from 16 to 60 inches is yellowish brown Stratified sand and gravel. Udorthento (Ud). Thio Soil mapping unit consists of well drained to moderately well drained ooilo that have been altered by cutting,filling,or grading. The areao either have had two feet or more of the upper part of the original Soil removed or have more than two feet of fill material on top of the original Soil. Udorthent5 or Made Land Soils can be found on any boil parent material but are typically fluvial on glacial till plains and outwash plains and stream terraced. I Penw000d (Pn). This series consists of very deep, excessively drained doild formed in dandy outwash. They are nearly level to Strongly Sloping Soils on glaciofluvial landforms. Slope rangeo from 0 to 15 percent. Permeability of the Penwood Soils id rapid or very rapid throughout. Thickness of the Solum rangeo from 20 to 36 incheo. Dock fragmento, dominantly fine gravel, range from 0 to 10 percent in the oolum and from 0 to 15 percent in the dubdtratum. Unleoo limed, the soil le very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout. Typically,these 5oilo have a dark brown loamy sand surface layer 6 inches thick. The Subsoil from 8 to 18 inches is yellowish red loamy sand, loose Structure,with no mottles. The Substratum from 18 to 60 inches io reddish brown Sand (single grain)with no mottles. Any accompanying soil logs and soil maps, and the on-site soil investigation narrative are in accordance with the taxonomic classification of the National Cooperative Soil Survey of the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, and with the Connecticut Soil Legend (DEP Bulletin No.5, 1983). Jurisdictional wetland boundaries were delineated pursuant to the Connecticut General Statutes (CGS Sections 22a-36 to 22a-45), as amended. The site investigation was conducted and/or reviewed by the undersigned Registered Soil Scientist(s) [registered with the Society of Soil Scientists of Southern New England (SSSSNE)in accordance with the standards of the Federal Office of Personnel Management]. Respectfully submitted, REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES,LLC George T.Logan,MS Registered Soil Scientist Certified Professional Wetland Scientist(No.581) projects\conn\01513SWN1\soilreport77.doc JUL-25-01 10 :22 AM TOPSTONE GOLF COURSE 860 648 4653 P. 01 •• • +x c u i ipgrAcleci ?S,f,J�io -r:'Crica Kcnturk) �11ekrttss vl,"ury If C.htwiA&.*Peu,ue 20.pu a C„tte_ Pereliniel Ryegrass 1q, 3bcpe, E:Creeping Red Fescue 3().('0/a Sj)aMw- Haro Fescue �linur5 If 4'Iwwings feowue a'Q.G�a J&%Per C;rccPjrlg Rcd F"cue iU.014, Transisr lI1tCMjCd1atr R)c.#M5b wi>�Qt. Stid Hillx Yl ' Creeping; Red Fswtie 4.0".0 LxXtr 5- Permiiai Xyagrass 8.00K, Rvd 'rup Nrrtisfoot I refoil 8 Oo'o white (. IovCr- !3cst regards, ted rutl T Dart .ram MEMORANDUM To: South Windsor Inland Wetland/Conservation Commission. From: Jeffrey H. Folger—Environmental Planner/Conservation Officer Date: August 9, 2001 Re: Review of the proposed Willowbrook Golf Course. Plans dated 08/02/01. The project is to construct an 18-hole golf course, driving range, clubhouse, and parking lot. Proposed regulated activities include filling approximately 1,946 sqft of wetlands filling; 12,100 sqft of clearing of vegetation within wetlands; 7.9 acres sqft of grading within the URA; and 1.3 acres of clearing of vegetation within the URA. Revisions: The grading and erosion/sediment control plans shows temporary sediment basins strategically placed to intercept runoff during construction of the fairways, greens, and tees. 80% of these basins are proposed to remain and serve to capture a portion of the runoff and infiltrate the stormwater into the ground. This will reduce flows heading toward slope areas during and after slope vegetation establishment. The E&S plan also shows check dams placed along drainage areas on the course. A slope stabilization grass mix has been submitted that includes deep-rooted warm and cool season grass species that will tolerate mowing after establishment. A shrub-planting p ng plan has been submitted that will provide a diverse understory along the cleared forest edge. The plants chosen will provide food and cover for wildlife species that will tolerate the proposed land use. The amount of plants proposed will also act to mitigate some of the functional losses proposed in the establishment of the I Ot" hole. A shallow-marsh mitigation area is proposed to be constructed west of the Willow stand along the southern stream corridor. This area would increase habitat diversity to the western portion of the property where the proposed club house would be placed. REMA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC 1A FW-00-0-1 19 Foster Street Manchester,CT 06040 (860)649-REMA(7362) (860)647-8397(fax) rema8@aol.com RECEIVED AUG 1 0 2001 South Windsor INLAND WETLANDS AGENCY August 10, 2001 CONSERVATION COMMISSION South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission 1540 Sullivan Avenue South Windsor, CT 06074 RE: Willowbrook Golf Course: Proposed Wetland Mitigation Brookfield Street, South Windsor, CT RES Job No. 01513SWN1 Dear Commissioners: This report has been prepared by REmA ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, LLC (RES) on behalf of South Windsor Golf Course, LLC, ("the applicant") as part of a submission to the Town of South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission ("the Commission"), for a permit to conduct activities within wetlands, watercourses and their upland review area. Specifically, this report presents wetland mitigation strategies for the proposed golf course. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Mitigation proposed for unavoidable wetland impacts includes wetland creation, wetland restoration and management, and enhancement of wetland buffer areas. Unavoidable wetlands impacts include 0.044 acres (1,946 square feet) of direct wetland filling; 0.277 acres (12,100 square feet) of canopy cuts, and regulated activities within roughly 9.2 acres of the "wetland and watercourse buffer" (a.k.a. upland review area). Soil&Wetland Studies ♦ Ecology ♦ Environmental Planning&Management ♦ Permitting ♦ Ecological Restoration&Habitat Mitigation ♦ Expert Testimony South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission ' RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 2 t)_ The following mitigation and restoration measures are proposed: ♦ Roughly 0.34 acres of wetlands will be created in a disturbed upland area between Wetland Unit G' and the proposed clubhouse and parking lot, where a wooded vegetated buffer is currently lacking. ♦ An invasive species removal program will focus on removal of multiflora rose and replacement with native shrubs in several infested wetlands. Removal of invasive species adjacent to Fairways will be incorporated into the golf course maintenance plan. ♦ A forest edge planting program will serve a dual function: improving the wildlife habitat value of the forest edge and preventing colonization by invasive species. ♦ Prompt disposal of all felled and dying elm trees will prevent the further spread of Dutch elm disease in wetlands on the site. The characteristics and functions and values of wetlands to be impacted have been taken into account in designing replacement wetlands and wetland restoration programs. The functions and values and the detailed characteristics of the wetland and buffer areas to be impacted have been described in our previous report dated July 20, 2001. In brief, the areas to be filled, in Wetland Units Q and D, have a palustrine forest cover type dominated by red maples, with a well developed shrub layer. Canopy cut areas, in Wetland Units D, N, and E support shrubs adapted to well-lit conditions, because of their forest edge or pool edge locations; invasive species infest much of the Wetland D canopy cut area. Forested buffer areas provide complementary upland habitat to the adjacent wetlands, and filter agricultural runoff. At this site the edge habitat component of wetland buffers is unusually low in diversity and wildlife value due to the farm management practices. Generalist songbirds and mammals that use forest edges and interiors, such as catbirds and deer are the principal wildlife using all these areas. No specialized wildlife habitat types such as viable vernal pools are included in impact areas. 1 For Wetland Unit designation,refer to our original report,dated July 20f,2001. 2 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01FNIWOK' Page 3 1.1 Wetland Creation 1.1.1 Mitigation Site Selection Criteria The site selected for wetland creation is a roughly 450 foot long linear swath of upland along the western boundary of Wetland G and downslope (east) of the row of mature willow trees and the proposed clubhouse and parking lot. The site meets several important selection criteria. 1) Hydrology and topography are well suited to wetland creation by excavation. Slopes are gentle. A broad terrace with a slope of less than 5% is upslope (west) of a short, slightly steeper slope at the wetland boundary. The landscape position is "low slope," and soils are already moist; groundwater moving downslope is seasonally within 6 inches to 2 feet of the ground surface. The current soil moisture regime ranges from moderately well-drained at the north end to somewhat poorly drained2 at the south end. Only six inches to one and 1/2 feet of excavation would be needed to create wetland hydrology along the linear terrace. 2) Conversion to wetlands would result in minimal loss of upland wildlife habitat. The site has been kept as an open corridor by means of brush-hogging and herbicide application. Growing through a thick layer of wood chips are the same limited group of plant species found on forest edges throughout the site (See Section 1.2.2.1.2, pages 8- 11 in the July 20"' RES report). Staghorn sumac and pokeweed sprouts are dominant on the north side, proceeding south,jewelweed becomes more abundant, and is dominant in the wetter southern portion. Jewelweed does have some wildlife value, providing nectar for hummingbirds and bees, but as an annual, it will certainly seed into the created wetlands. A few trees at the north end of the linear creation area can be preserved on upland "islands". 3) An existing row of mature weeping willow trees to the west of the proposed mitigation site would provide partial shade, aiding in plant establishment. 4) A final important reason for selecting this site is that it would create wooded, wetland buffer where none currently exists, other than a row of willow trees. This currently Z Although some of these soils are somewhat poorly drained, they are not hydric, that is, they are not federal jurisdictional wetlands. 3 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 �, y Page 4 )_ open and disturbed area is located between Wetland G, one of the largest and least disturbed wetland systems on the site, and the proposed clubhouse, entry road and parking lot. Creating densely vegetated wetlands at this site would buffer the natural wetlands,protecting them from indirect impacts of light,noise, traffic fumes, and human activity to the west. From a landscape perspective, this location will enhance the ecological integrity and wildlife support function of Wetland G. 1.1.2 Proposed mitigation design We propose to create a series of three linear wetlands along the western perimeter of Wetland G with a total combined length of approximately 450 feet and an area of approximately 0.33 acres. The target cover types will be predominantly forested (PFO1) and bushy scrub shrub (PSS2), with smaller areas of wet meadow (PEM1) at the north and south ends of the wetland creation site. However, initially, when planted bare-root woody stock small, the wet meadow cover type will occupy the entire area. The plan is for a gradual, natural transition to the forested cover type. Tables 1 through 6 show the numbers of species and proposed spacing for trees and shrubs, as well as herbaceous species (seedmixes). These tables also provide information on wildlife values, aesthetic features, and shade and moisture tolerance. Grading The wetland creation area will begin approximately five feet upslope of the existing wetland boundary and extend to the drip line of the row of willow trees; width will range from approximately 20 to 40 feet. Prior to onset of work the wetland boundary will be clearly marked with fresh flags. The few existing trees will be left undisturbed on upland islands. The predominant hydrologic regime will be seasonal saturation ("S" on the plans), with small over-excavated areas and pockets of seasonal and/ or temporary inundation("I" bn the plans).3 By excavating 6 inches to 18 inches of material from the nearly level slope-base area, the ground surface will be brought to within a few inches of the seasonal high groundwater table, in the areas to have a saturated moisture regime. More material will be removed from the drier northern portion of the site. Grading will be rough, leaving ground surface irregularities, creating micro-topographic variation from one to six inches in magnitude. This will foster plant and invertebrate diversity, creating a greater range of moisture regimes on a small scale. Slopes are already gradual, and grading will further 4 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission ' RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page S flatten them. Exact grading depths will be determined by examining soil profiles and monitoring of shallow, perforated PVC standpipes to determine the level of the spring high water table. The five feet of upland soil immediately adjacent to wetland boundaries will not be excavated. Excavation upslope of this area will create a low elevated barrier that will that will serve to trap surface runoff during larger storm events, which will then seep downslope, through the soil barrier, into the existing wetlands. The barrier will help prevent sediment from reaching the wetland (supplementing the silt fence barrier used during construction) and will promote infiltration. Very Poorly Drained Areas Over-excavation to a depth of mp to two feet will create the temporarily or seasonally flooded areas. Six such areas are shown on the in the Wetland Mitigation Area, ranging in size from about 140 square feet to 600 square feet, with a total area of 2,400 square feet. The very poorly drained moisture regime will foster development of organic surface horizons in these areas, and they will support a different set of plants than those found in the seasonally saturated wet meadow. Logs will be placed in these areas to serve as cover objects. Invertebrate fauna will be different and more abundant; the depressions will provide a foraging area for species such as woodcock. Plant species will include bladder sedge (Carex intumescens), tussock sedge (Carex stricta), and fowl meadow grass (Glyceria striata). Pennsylvania bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica), swamp violet(Viola cucullata), and skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus), among other species, are expected to colonize on their own. Only three trees will not be planted in each these areas, and they will be too wet for tree establishment except on tussocks or logs. However, two shrubs tolerant of intermittent inundation, winterberry and highbush blueberry will be planted both on shallow (two to three inch), approximately six-foot diameter mounds within the depressions and on depression margins. Shrubs with high light requirements, such as elderberry, will be planted here, but not within seasonally saturated areas. Light levels at the edges of these pools and within them will be higher than in adjacent seasonally saturated forest, allowing shrubs and herbaceous plants to reach higher densities and fruit and flower more abundantly, for a greater level of mitigation, replacement of wetland wildlife support function. The target 3 Refer to Attachment A,for definitions of hydrologic regimes. 5 South Windsor Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission RE:Proposed Wetland Mitigation- Willowbrook Golf Course 8/10/01 Page 6 T<MWO- cover type for these areas is PSS2 (palustrine bushy shrub swamp). These created depressions are intended to mitigate for potential loss of wetland function in the three natural depressional wetlands to be impacted by the project, Wetlands Q, E, and N. Forested Target Cover Type The following sequence of vegetation development is expected for seasonally saturated areas with a forested (PFO 1) target cover type, which is to occupy roughly 7,100 square feet: Year 1: Herbaceous community dominated by wetland annuals such as smartweeds, sticktights, and barnyard grass, and newly planted bare root woody stock. Seeds of these species will be added to the wetland seed mix, procured either from New England Wetland Plants, Inc., or Blackledge River Nursery. These annuals provide rapid ground cover and produce abundant seeds, a valuable food source for wildlife. Year 3: Wet meadow dominated by perennials, with scattered saplings and maturing shrubs. Meadow species in the wetland seed mix will include Joe Pye weed, wool grass, blue vervain, boneset, rough goldenrod, red top grass, lurid sedge, fox sedge,broom sedge, and bluejoint grass. Year 5: Shrub/sapling thicket dominated by arrowwood, highbush blueberry, sweet pepperbush, silky dogwood, and winterberry, with a discontinuous herbaceous layer including Cinnamon fern, wood reed grass, and rough goldenrod. Cinnamon fern will be purchased as potted plants. Wood reed grass and goldenrod are somewhat shade tolerant species included in the wetland seed mix. Jewelweed, Virginia Creeper, wild grape, and poison ivy, are expected to seed in on their own from the adjacent wetland. Year 10: Immature forested wetland dominated by red maple, tupelo, and pin oak, with dense shrub stratum (above listed species for Year 5) and thin herb stratum (above listed species for Year 5) except in wetter pockets. Forested wetland creation is intended to mitigate for loss of forested wetland buffer areas as well as forest loss in wetland canopy cuts. All species selected are adapted to conditions at this site, and grow in the existing wetlands here. The selection of woody species is intended 6